فرنچ ایم ، پیری
مشہور ترک دوست فرنچ ایم، پیری لوطی، کی ۷۳ سال کی عمر میں موت کا تمام دنیا کو علم ہوچکا ہے، لیکن اس سے بہت کم لوگ واقف ہوں گے کہ اس کے مکان میں جاپانی، چینی اور ترکی وضع کے کمروں کے علاوہ ایک مسجد بھی تھی۔ (دسمبر ۱۹۲۳ء)
The research paper deals with role of plants in human health and healthy environment in the context of Qur'anic verses and science. The concept of growing plants for health rather than for food or fiber is slowly changing plant biotechnology and medicine. Rediscovery of the connection between plants and health is responsible for launching a new generation of botanical therapeutics that include plant-derived pharmaceuticals, multi component botanical drugs, dietary supplements, functional foods and plant-produced recombinant proteins. Many of these products will soon complement conventional pharmaceuticals in the treatment, prevention and diagnosis of diseases, while at the same time adding value to agriculture. Holy Quran describes the importance of rain as pure water to irrigate dead soil and emergence of life (plant’s growth) from the dead soil. Plants provide foods for human beings and are necessary for healthy environment. Man is an omnivore who gets his food from both plant and animal sources. However, for immediate energy, humans rely more on plant starches and soluble sugars, including glucose and edible sugar. Generally, our normal diet consists of rice or wheat bread which is a very important source of starch. Sugar and fats are the two most important components of food managed by plants. Apart from this, the man manages vegetables and salads from plants which are the guarantors of his health/survival in modern times. There are many reasons for diversity in plants. The obvious reason is the chemistry of that particular piece of land, what kind of minerals/salts and other nutrients that land has and what types of plants can grow there in their presence. In this research written with a descriptive and analytical approach, it is proved that according to Quran and science plants have a great role in human health and healthy environment.
The present study was conducted to investigate the pharmaceutical potential of wild and commercial gums. After the process of purification, Dalbergia sissoo and Acacia modesta were selected for the present research among the eight initially selected gums. For the use of gum as binder in tablet the physiochemical characteristics such as pH, fluorescence analysis, swelling index and rheological studies were determined. Both selected gums were acidic in nature. D. sissoo and A. modesta showed light brown and creamy color in fluorescent analysis, respectively. The viscosity measurements were made by the rheological analysis and D. sissoo and A. modesta provide different rheological pattern. The aqueous solution of crude A. modesta was more viscous than D. sissoo. Carbohydrates were present in high concentrations determined through proximate and biochemical analysis. The elemental profiles of crude gums were studied by the laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and significant number of elements was recorded. Crude gums exhibited a number of drawbacks in their application that can be overcome by hydrolyzed and modified to improve the functional properties of biopolymers. The selected gum were hydrolyzed (acidic, basic and enzymatic) and modified (polyacrylamide grafting and carboxymethylation).The antioxidant activities of crude, hydrolyzed and modified gums were determined and the selected samples exhibited significant antioxidant potential. The antimicrobial, toxicological studies viz. antimutagenic and hemolytic analyses were performed. All the tested gums samples exhibit good antibacterial activity. All samples were found non-mutagenic to Salmonella typhimurium TA 98 and TA 100, and did not show significant hemolytic activity. The structural characterization was carried out by scanning electron microscope, 12 thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning colorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction. The change in viscosity after hydrolysis and modification was analyzed by performing the flow test. There was a decrease in viscosity of crude gum after hydrolysis and modification. Gum based silver-nanoparticles were prepared on the basis of green chemistry principle and possess important microbial applications. Nanoparticles prepared by using both gum showed synergistic high antibacterial activity. The potential of D. sissoo and A. modesta to be used as tablet binder was determined. Bulk and tapped density, hausner’s ratio and carr’s index of the prepared granules were studied. After the formation of tablets, the weight uniformity, hardness, friability, disintegration time and drug release were determined. Hydroxypropyl Methycellulose (HPMC) is used as standard binder. The prepared tablets using gums showed faster and slower dissolution profiles in the same dissolution system. The crude gums have the highest dissolution rate. While the dissolution rate was decreased in the case of modified and hydrolyzed gum samples. The crude gums showing slower release can be useful in sustained release tablets as release controlling polymer / viscoslysing agent. And the hydrolyzed and modified gums having faster release rate are helpful in conventional tablet formulation. The current research comprehensively explored the selected gums for their application as biobinder as well as matrix for nanoparticles studies. In future, these results of selected gum may be used in pharmaceutical field on the pilot or industrial scale as biobinder and other applications like prebiotic for probiotics and green material for nanoscience etc.