مولانا سعید احمد اکبر آبادی کی رحلت
(ڈاکٹر محمد اسلم)
علم و حکمت کا وہ آفتاب جو گذشتہ نصف صدی سے برصغیر پاک و ہند کو منور کررہا تھا، مورخہ ۲۴؍ مئی مطابق ۳؍ رمضان المبارک بروز جمعہ افطار سے تھوڑی دیر پہلے غروب ہوگیا، یعنی حضرت مولانا سعید احمد اکبرؔ آبادی عالم فانی سے عالم جادوانی کی طرف کوچ فرماگئے۔ اناﷲ وانا الیہ راجعون۔
مولانا کی علالت کا سلسلہ طویل رہا، گذشتہ سال مئی کے وسط میں حضرت مفتی عتیق الرحمن عثمانی کا انتقال ہوا تو ان پر اس سانحہ کا بڑا اثر ہوا، اس کے دو ماہ بعد ان کے بڑے بیٹے عمر سعید آناً فاناً وفات پاگئے، ان کی طبیعت پر اس کا بھی بڑا اثر ہوا، بیٹے کی وفات کے روز انھوں نے ان کو کسی وجہ سے خوب ڈانٹا تھا، وہ گولیاں کھا کر سونے کے عادی تھے، مولانا کا خیال ہے کہ اس روز آزردہ ہوکر انھوں نے مقررہ مقدار سے زائد گولیاں کھالیں، اور اس لحاظ سے وہ اپنے آپ کو قصور وار سمجھنے لگے تھے، گذشتہ اگست میں میرے قیام علی گڑھ کے دوران میں انھیں کتے نے کاٹ لیا، ڈاکٹر نے ان کے شکم میں متعدد انجکشن لگائے، لیکن چند روز بعد وہ جگہ متورم ہوگئی، اور انھیں بخار آنے لگا، ڈاکٹروں نے ملیریا بخار کی تشخیص کی اور انھیں کونین کھلانا شروع کردیا، ضرورت سے زیادہ کونین کے استعمال سے ان کا جگر خراب ہوگیا، اور خون پیدا ہونا بند ہوگیا، خرابی جگر سے یرقان ہوگیا، علی گڑھ یونیورسٹی کے ہسپتال میں بغرض علاج داخل ہوگئے، لیکن افاقہ نہ ہوا، حکیم افہام اﷲ خان صاحب اور حکیم عبدالحمید صاحب کے ہی زیر علاج رہے، لیکن کمزوری دن بہ دن بڑھتی چلی گئی، ان کی علالت بڑھتی گئی ان کی بیٹی مسعودہ سعید کراچی سے علی گڑھ پہنچیں...
Right from inception, man faces temptations from Satan and therefore finds an evil -edge (a sinning tendency in mankind) . Islam with its vitalizing energy curbs this evil influence successfully. Hereby a review of the killing/murder of Muslims is given with necessary background. The layout ofthis article is asfollow: 1. The literal and idiomatical definition of Murder in view of the sayings of Religious scholars. 2. Five kinds of murder in light of statements of religious scholars. 3 Religious Order for the murder under the commandments of Quran and Sunnah. 4. Faraai and Zaili orders regarding to murder. 5. Sources and reasons of murder. 6. Losses of murder. IAJ'IJT
Assessment of genetic diversity and genetic framework/structure in chickpea crop has important effects on plants breeding programs and preservation of inherited resources. New types of markers have improved our ability to quickly and cost effectively uncover potentially useful variations in large chickpea germplasm collections in gene banks. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) are recently developed markers, which are very effective in discovering inherited diversity. Little is known about the level of genetic diversity in these accessions to advance elite varieties. Chickpea production is predominant in arid & semiarid regions, such as in Pakistan, faces immense challenges of drought and heat stress. Addressing these challenges has made more difficult outstanding to lack of genetic and phenotypic characterization of available cultivated varieties and breeding materials. Genotyping-by-sequencing offers a rapid and cost-effective means to identify genome-wide nucleotide variation in crop germplasm.In this study, we have compared genetic variations and population structure of a previously uncharacterized collection of chickpea cultivated germplasm. Here, we used 31,995 SNP markers to estimate the genetic diversity and population structure in collection of 952 landraces and elite cultivars from the second centers of diversity and Fertile Crescent (Ethiopia, India, Pakistan & Turkey). For Pakistani accessions, we used 8,113 SNP markers to determine genetic variations and compare population structure within 77 landraces and 5 elite cultivars, currently grown in situ on farms throughout the chickpea growing regions of Pakistan. The compiled landraces span a striking aridity gradient into the Thal desert of the Punjab Province, Pakistan. Despite low levels of variations across the collection and limited genetic structure, we found some differentiation among accessions from arid, semi-arid, irrigated, and coastal areas. In a subset of 232 markers, we discovered evidence of differentiation along gradients of elevation and isothermality. Our results highlighted the utility of exploring large germplasm collections for nucleotide variation associated with environmental extremes. And further to use this data to nominate germplasm accessions with potential to improve crop drought tolerance and other environmental traits.To investigate the basis of genetic factors controlling flower color in chickpea, molecular and genetic characterization of colored flower and white flower chickpea accessions were performed. This unique white flowered color RS11 Chickpea accession lacking the anthocyanin in flower tissues. The genetic constitution of this accession is different to other white flower chickpea accessions because when it was crossed to another white flower color accession, they produced colored F1. None of white flower chickpea can synthesize mRNA corresponding to Leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase (LDOX) gene, also called anthocyanidin synthase (ANS) on B and C locus. Molecular analysis of white chickpea revealed the presence of full deletion Intron, spanning both exon with in coding region of LDOX gene. Phenotyping and genotyping of F2 generations from cross between RS 11 (white flower) and 96029 (color flower) revealed segregation for flower color according to the Mendel’s pattern of segregation. Color and white flower phenotype demonstrated its complete linkage with the deletion in LDOX gene inherited as a recessive gene trait. Taken together the findings indicated that mutation in LDOX genes which is present on C locus here in RS 11 is responsible for white flower color in this chickpea accession.