حضرت عائشہؓ کے اصول استنباط : ایک تحقیقی مطالعہ

This article dealt with the description of services of Hażrat ‘Āyeshah (R. A) in the field of principles of derivation of legal rules from the legal texts of the Holy Quran and prophetic traditions, which is the second part of the series, in first part Quran was focused in this regard while in this article other sources of Islamic law as Prophetic tradition etc. Have been discussed and their applications in the juristic approach of Hażrat ‘Āyeshah, likewise, Qiyās is a method that uses analogy/ comparison to derive Islamic legal rulings for new developments due to importance and the need of society. Umm Al-Momineen Hażrat ‘Āyeshah (R. A) used to derive a ruling for new situations that are not addressed by Qur’an and Sunnah. Istiḥsān is the fourth principle of derivation of Aḥkām. Likewise, other sources considered by her including Istiḥsān, Istisḥāb, ‘Urf as principle of derivation of Aḥkām. ‘Urf is an Arabic Islamic term referring to the custom or knowledge of a given society. Furthermore, the method adopted for research is deductive. The study found that Hażrat ‘Āyeshah applied the said sources in her process of derivation of legal rules of Islam, which were followed by Muslim jurists in this regard, So it is recommended that student of Islamic Law should study efforts of the companion of Prophet peace be upon him and their principles in the field.

Managing Higher Education Quality Enhancement in Pakistan: Investigating Crucial Factors Towards International Opportunities, Pakistan

It is an undeniably fact that higher education is very important with regard to the development of the people / society and is, therefore, considered to be of top significance with regard to social and economic development of a country. To ensure and provide the quality education at the higher level what steps and factors are to be taken and followed is very important in this regard. To bring a quality change in the higher education system in Pakistan is not an easy job for the fact that in Pakistan there are about 161 universities and degree awarding institutes but none of them has got itself included in the list of top 500 universities of the world, even in top 100 universities of Asia. The basic objective was to examine the different factors, which have significantly contributed towards the quality enhancement of the higher education and a better link between it and quality education such as Teaching Staff, Standardized Curriculum, Examination System, Research Work, Administration and Communication Skill. The survey data was collected by using quantitative as well as qualitative research techniques by 300 respondents including faculty members, Administrators and Educationists of Fifteen (15) public and private sector universities located at KP, Islamabad and Punjab by using stratified random sampling approach. The study was non-contrived and cross-sectional in nature and was both causal and co relational. The SEM /Amos technique was applied for model fitting. The results show that communication skill, administration, curriculum and also other factors perform a significant impact in enhancing the quality of higher education.