مقناطیس
ڈاکٹر جمیل حیات
‘‘اگر آپ خودکوشش نہیں کریں گے تو اِس مصیبت سے آپ کو کوئی اور نہیں نکالے گا۔’’
بزرگ کافی دیر سے اُسے سمجھانے کی کوشش کر رہے تھے۔
‘‘آخر آپ سمجھتے کیو ں نہیں؟ مانا کہ بہت مشکل ہے لیکن آپ پڑھے لکھے ہیں۔یہ جانتے ہیں کہ اِس کا علاج تو حکیم لقمان کے پاس بھی نہیں تھا۔ ’’
وہ ہمہ تن گوش تھا۔ ‘‘ بجا فرمایا حضرت آپ نے۔ ’’ بڑی دیر کے بعد بالآخر اُس نے زبان کھولی۔ ‘‘ پھر بھی آپ اللہ والے ہیں۔ دعا بھی تو تقدیر بدلتی ہے۔’’بزرگ مسکرائے، اُن کا دلآویز تبسم مایوس اور نا امید لوگوں کے لیے زندگی کی علامت تھا تاہم وہ اِس وقت بہت بکھرا ہوا ، بے حدتھکا ہوا لگ رہا تھا اُس کی نظر اُن پر تو تھی مگر ذہن کہیں اور تھا۔ ‘‘ میاں تم ٹھیک کہتے ہو ، لیکن یہ بھی جانتے ہو کہ اللہ اُس وقت تک کسی قوم یا فرد کی حالت نہیں بدلتا جب تک وہ خود اپنی حالت نہ بدلے۔ ’’
اُس کی نگاہوں میں دنیا جہاں کا کرب تھا۔ ‘‘ اِس کا مطلب ہے۔۔۔۔۔۔۔۔ ’’
ً ‘‘ہاں۔ ’’ اُ نہوں نے اُس کی بات کاٹتے ہوئے کہا۔ ‘‘ اب یہ صرف آپ پر منحصر ہے۔ آپ کوشش تو کریں، مالک کرم کرے گا۔’’
شام کا اندھیرا چھا چکاتھا۔جب وہ بزرگ سے اِجازت لے کر نکلا۔سڑک پر چلتے ہوئے وہ اپنے خیالوں میں گم تھا ، جب اچانک ہی کسی گاڑی کے زور سے بریک لگانے کی آواز نے اُسے چونکا دیا:
‘‘او بھائی ! اگر خودکشی کا اِتنا ہی شوق ہے تو کہیں اور جا کر مرو۔’’
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The Prophet (P.B.U.H), born in 571 A.D at Makkah, came to enlighten this world with divine guidance and to transform this world from the clutches of immoralities and sins to pinnacle of piety and ethics. He lived in this world for almost 63 years and brought revolutionary changes which no one even could think of. But this task was not easy, he suffered the most and sacrificed everything to raise and proclaim the words of Allah. He set an example for others to follow. This article is all about his life in Madinah with regard to his dealing with the arch enemies of Islam who were his own natives “The Makkans”. Prophet (P.B.U.H) settled in Madinah and established Islamic society so as to enable everyone to spend life in accordance with the divine guidance. Here, he signed treaty with the Jews created Muakhaat for Mohajirin and Ansars. On the other hand, Makkans could not stand this development. So, they imposed battles on Muslims and Muslims had no options except Jihad. The Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) fought many battles with Makkans. However, no innocent was executed during these incidences. This shows the dynamic teachings of Islam. This article gives brief events of these battles besides revelations which came to Prophet in the line of duty to motivate and guide Muslims. It took almost eight years for Prophet to excel Makkans.
Thalassemia is a hereditary quantitative deficiency of functional α and β like globin chains synthesis that leads to ineffective erythropoiesis and reduced hemoglobin synthesis. Increased gastrointestinal iron absorption, following frequent blood transfusions in the absence of proper chelation therapy, builds iron overload leading to increased morbidity and mortality and shorten life expectancy. It is manifested by chronic anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, bone deformities especially for facial bones and improper growth rate. Regular blood transfusion and iron chelation therapy becomes essential for lifelong time. The geographical distribution of thalassemia can be divided broadly into four regions: Saharan Africa, Southeast Asia, Indian Asia and Mediterranean device. Migration from these affected areas into non-malarial areas results in heterogeneous diversity of thalassemia at global level. A multicentre study (including four cities in Pakistan) was aimed to investigate the frequency and spectrum of alpha and beta thalassemia genetic mutations and XmnI polymorphism of the Gamma Globin gene. Beta thalassemia individuals identified on the ground of haematological parameters were screened for mutations of the Alpha (HBA2 and HBA1) and Beta (HBB) Globin genes as well as Gamma (HBG2) Globin gene, -158 Gg XmnI polymorphism, using a combination of multiplex GAP polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Sanger sequencing and restriction fragment length polymerase (RFLP) based PCR respectively. Among 16 identified mutations in the beta gene by Sanger sequencing, NM_000158.4:c.27_28insG (p. Ser10ValfsTer14) was the most prevalent. In alpha thalassemia mutation, multiplex GAP-PCR run for seven most common deletion mutation showed that α-3.7 and α-4.2 deletions were coinherited with beta thalassemia mutations. Additionally, presence of rare mutations and novel variants has portrait the diversity of thalassemia mutations in Pakistani population. Moreover, NM_000184.2:c.-211C>T base-pair substitution (historically described as -158 GγXmnI polymorphism) was present in 36% of the patients. The hemolysis markers (red blood cell incidences), oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation, hemoglobin oxidation, carbonyl protein oxidation, and catalase activity), antioxidative level (glutathione reduced and oxidised, scavenging assays) and biochemical parameters were also analysed. Low copper, potassium, magnesium and phosphate levels and high AST, ALK and ALT levels which were observed importantly represent the iron overloaded peroxidative state in thalassemia. Not only these parameters but high values of lipid peroxidation, carbonyl contents and catalase activity and low values of glutathione reduce and scavenging assay also marked the oxidative damage caused mainly due to iron overload and its associated x complications. Additionally, three plants namely Curcuma longa (locally known as Haldi), Nigella sativa seeds (locally known as Kalonji), and Camellia sinensis (green tea) were studied to identify natural alternatives to treat disorders associated with hemolysis by reducing oxidative stress and to determine the effect of extraction systems on the functionality of phytochemicals. Based on Camellia sinensis and Curcuma longa well known bioactivities, it was assumed that they would significantly ameliorate the activities of oxidative markers and hence help in reducing the oxidative damage in beta thalassemia. However, treatment with both plant extract did not sufficiently improve the condition. This could be due to insufficient ameliorating effect as well as use of whole extract instead of isolated compound from plants was used. The psychological stress and its associated experiences were studied in index and their caregivers that duplicated the previous findings of low quality of life scores. The chronic nature of disease with enduring treatment has drastically affected their wellbeing. However, these changes vary between and within countries due to different health infrastructures, socioeconomic status and cultural and social norms. With advancement in reducing the thalassemia associated mortality and morbidity, some attention has now move into designing of improved and healthy lifestyles. Heterogeneity in clinical and haematological parameters in thalassemia major, show that monogenic disorders can present with a wide spectrum of disease severity. Present study will be useful in the prevention of highly prevalent disease of thalassemia in Pakistan following nationwide awareness campaign.