امت محمدیہ ﷺ میں علمائے کرام کا کردار وہی ہے، جو سابقہ امتوں میں انبیائےکرام علیہم السلام کا رہا ہے، اسی بنیاد پر علماء کو انبیاء کے علوم اور منبر کا وارث قرار دیا گیا ہے۔انبیاء کرام علیہم السلام کی بعثت کے بنیادی اور اہم مقاصد میں سے ایک مقصد یہ تھا کہ عالم انسانیت سے ظلم و تشدد کو دور کیا جائے۔ عدل و انصاف کا بول بالا ہو، جس کے نتیجہ میں انسانی معاشرہ، امن و توازن کا مظہر بن سکے۔ یہی حضرت آدم ؑ کی آرزو بھی تھی، جو ﴿وَاِذْ جَعَلْنَا الْبَیْتَ مَثَابَةً لِّلنَّاسِ وَاَمْنًا﴾ 414کی صورت میں پوری ہوئی۔
معاشی فراوانی اور معاشرتی امن حضرت ابراہیم علیہ السلام کی دعا میں شامل تھا۔ رزق کی فراوانی اور امن و امان کا حصول قرآنی تعلیمات کے مطابق خیر و بھلائی کے پھیلاوٴ اور برائی کے خاتمہ اور انسداد کے ذریعہ ممکن ہے، جسےامر بالمعروف اور نہی عن المنکرکہا جاتا ہے ، یہ فریضہ یوں تو اپنے اپنے دائرہ کار میں امت کے ہر فرد پر عائد ہوتاہے اور اسی ذمہ داری کے سپرد ہونے کی بناء پر، امت محمد یہ”خیر امت“ کہلاتی ہے ۔ اس حوالے سے قرآن مجید یوں فرماتا ہے
﴿کُنْتُمْ خَیْرَ اُمَّةٍ اُخْرِجَتْ لِلنَّاسِ… الآیة﴾415
" تم بہترین امت ہو جس کو نکالا گیا ہے لوگو ں کے لیے۔۔۔"
تاہم اس امت کے علماء از روئے حدیث، انبیاء کرام علیہم السلام کے وارث ہیں، اس لیے ان کے فرائض منصبی میں انبیاء کرام علیہم السلام کے کردار کی تبلیغ اور خیر امت کی صحیح اور بر وقت راہنمائی شامل ہے، جسے علماءئےکرام الحمد لله اپنے اپنے دائرہ میں بجا لا رہے ہیں، مگر موجودہ قومی اور بین الاقوامی صورت حال کا شدید تقاضا ہے کہ علماء اصلاح معاشرہ کی انفرادی کو ششوں کے ساتھ ساتھ اجتماعی طور پر بھی اپنے...
This research aims to explore various features of Syyidah some highlights paper This. Personage noble s'(ر الله عا) ishah‘A’ distinguished aspects of her biographical account, her extraordinary intelligence, eminent rank amongst other wives of the Prophet Muḥammad (r), excellence over women of the world and being mentioned in the Qur’ān for her praiseworthy character. The scholarly areas, in which, she outshone others in Islamic intellectual heritage, include the Quranic exegesis, Ḥadīth narratives, jurisprudence, scholastic reasoning: analysis of jurisprudential methodology and principles of deduction of rulings and opinions. She adopted multifarious modes in this regards including explicit, direct, generalized, inductive and analogous approaches in the Islamic intellectual scholarship. By acknowledged was (ر الله عا) ishah‘A of grandeur The the companions of the Prophet, her scholarly point of view in conciliation of the problems of the Qur'ān and Ḥadīth made her stand out amongst all. She was a keen researcher, peaceful preacher and the greatest scholar of Islām of all times. Her knowledge and command over religious and social matters made her one of the most reliable experts of the Qur'ān, Ḥadīth and Fiqh. Such was her stature as the archangel Jibrā’īl presented his salutation to her.
Plant-derived smoke obtained from burning vegetation has been used in agricultural and horticultural practices since last two decades. Being a cheap and environment friendly source, smoke plays an important role in seed germination, plant growth and enhancement of crops yield. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of plant-derived smoke on morphological, physiological, nodulation, rhizobium growth, proteomics and gene regulation in seedlings of chickpea treated with plant-derived smoke. Seeds of chickpea (C. arietinum) were sown in pots containing 500 g sands and were kept in a growth chamber having fluorescent light at 25oC and 60% humidity. For morphological parameters the seeds were supplied without or with 1000, 2000 and 4000 ppm plant-derived smoke for 2, 4, 6 and 8 days. For nodulation, seeds of chickpea were mixed with the inoculum of rhizobium having cell suspension of 109 CFU mL-1 and were sown in pots containing sands. The numbers of nodules were recorded after 11, 18 and 25 days. The rhizobium culture was measured using spectrophotometer at 600 nm incubated for 12, 24, 48 and 96 h. For physiological, proteomics, immuno-blotting and qRT-PCR, seedlings were irrigated without or with 2000 ppm for 6 days. For the analysis of proteins, gel-free/label-free proteomics technique was used. Results revealed that germination percentage, root/ shoot length, lateral roots and fresh biomass were increased in chickpea treated with 2000 ppm plant-derived smoke for 6 days. The number of nodules and rhizobium population were increased. Furthermore, the content of nitrogen and proteins were accumulated. On treatment with 2000 ppm plant-derived smoke for 6 days, the abundance of 90 proteins was significantly changed in chickpea root. Regarding gene ontology (GO) term assignments of 90 proteins related with different biological processes, the proteins related with metabolic process were increased. For cellular process, proteins related with cytoplasm were significantly increased. For molecular function, catalytic activity related proteins were more highly represented than other categories. Proteins related to signaling and transports were increased; however, proteins related to protein metabolism, cell, and cell wall were decreased. The sucrose synthase for starch degradation was increased and total soluble sugar was induced. The proteins for nitrate pathway were increased and nitrate content was improved. On the other hand, although secondary metabolism related proteins were decreased, flavonoid contents were increased. Based on proteomics and immuno-blot analyses, proteins related to redox homeostasis were decreased and increased in root and shoot, respectively. Furthermore, vii fructose-bisphosphate aldolase (FBPA) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) were increased; while, phosphotransferase and phosphoglycero mutase were decreased in glycolysis. In addition, phosphoglyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and glutamine synthetase related genes were up-regulated; while, chalcone synthase related genes were down-regulated. These results suggest that plant-derived smoke improves early stage of growth in chickpea with the balance of many cascades such as glycolysis, redox homeostasis and secondary metabolism. This study indicates that the application of plant-derived smoke might be a useful and inexpensive technique for enhancing seedling growth, number of nodules, nutritional values of crops and can be commercialized as bio fertilizer in future.