Introduction
In the Indo-Pak sub-continent, Sindh is the first of the zones where the advent of Islām was the earliest. Historically, the scholars here did a great work of intellect and research. In the year 270 A. H/883A. D, due to internal disturbance, so many small states came into being. [1]
Out of these, the state of Manṣūrah was taken over by the Ḥubārī tribe. Muslim ruler ‘Abdallāh bin ‘Umar Ḥubārī of Manṣūrah had sent a scholar to Hindū Rājāh of Alvar on his request who presented the translation of the Qur’ān in his court. This incident narrated by the famous historian Buzurg Bin Shehr Yār has also been endorsed by renowned historians of the sub-continent. [2]But nothing with certainty can be said about the symmetrical order and the dictation of this translation, however, it is certain that the honor of translating the Qur’ān the first of all lies with Sindh. [3]
In the era of Arghaun and Tarkhān, Makhdūm Nūḥ Hālāe’ (d:998 A. H/1589A. D) properly translated the Qur’ān in Persian which has become available in secured form despite the varying times. [4]
This translation, with the efforts and research of ‘Allāma Muṣṭafā Qāsmī (d:1424A. H/2003A. D) has been published by Sindh Literary Board Ḥyderābād. This translation was compiled even earlier than the translation of famous researcher Shāh Walī Allāh(d:1176A. H/1762A. D). In this regard, we are justified to opine that in the sub-continent the honor of the first translation in the Persian language also goes to Sindh. In that period, a movement among the Sindhī Scholars emerged that the Islamic literature and art be documented in the mother tongue Sindhī so that a...
Allah has created this universe and for guidance of people he has sent his different holy books and with those books he has sent different holy messengers. The messengers of Allah came to this world and preached the message was written in his books. When his messengers completed their job then their duty was given to the scholars of Islam. They also preached Islam from place to place and they face many difficulties and hardships but they continue their message. Among all these scholars some of them worked hard for writing and teaching the holy Quran to other people. Molana Abdul Ghani is one of these scholars who spent all of his time to serve Islam and preaching of Islamic thoughts. In this paper will present the Services and Introduction of Molana Haji Abdul Ghani.
Background: The medical treatment for chronic anal fissure is modeled to eliminate sphincter spasm and hypertonia so that blood flow to the anal sphincter improves and the fissure heals. Efficacious pharmacological therapy avoids complications related to surgical treatment including incontinence and the risks of surgery and anesthesia. Conservative treatment of chronic anal fissure has been reported with wide variation in the healing rates. However there are few reports of conservatively treated chronic anal fissures fromAfrica, with only one paper identified in this study. Furthermore, the influence of clinical characteristics of fissures on the healing rates and recurrences have not been widely reported.
Objective: To determine the healing rates of conservatively treated chronic anal fissure and to document the influence of fissure characteristics on healing and recurrence.
Setting: The Surgical Outpatient Clinic at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya.
Patients and methods:Fifty (50) consecutive patients satisfying the criteria for chronic anal fissure were treated with local application of 0.2% glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) paste twice a day for 8 weeks and followed up for six months. Features of chronicity were defined and each given a score of 1. Patients with a score of 2 or less were compared to those with a score of 3 and above in terms of healing and recurrence.
Results: Thirty nine patients of the 50 analyzed (78%) healed after the 8 weeks of treatment. At six months follow up 10 patients (26%) had relapsed. This translated to an overall success rate of 58%. Three factors significantly affected healing of a chronic anal fissure- presence of indurated fissure edges (p=0.001, OR 12.19, 95 % CI 2.57-57.94), presence of symptoms for more than three months (p=0.014, OR 8.03, 95 % CI 1.52-42.52) and a score of 3 and above (p=0.004, OR 11.45, 95 % CI 2.13-61.67). There was no feature of chronicity that predicted recurrence of chronic anal fissure after initial healing.
Conclusion: GTN paste led to healing in the majority of patients. Features of chronicity may be helpful in predicting response to treatment. In the present study patients with a chronicity score of 2 and below respond better than those with a score of 3 and above.