Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Pendidikan Agama Islam Siswa Kelas XI Di SMA Ekasakti Padang Dengan Metode Pembelajaran Demonstration Berbasis Discussion Process

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan keaktifan dan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) setelah diterapkannya metode pembelajaran demonstration berbasis discussion process. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Penelitian dilakukan di SMA EKASAKTI Padang pada kelas XI. Metode pengumpulan data yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini adalah: observasi, wawancara,   dokumentasi, dan tes. Analisis  data  dalam  penelitian  ini  dilakukan  secara deskriptif  kuantitatif  dan kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah: (1). Kesiapan siswa dalam menerima pelajaran  sebelum  dilakukan  tindakan  39, 06%,   setelah siklus  I 70, 31%, dan setelah siklus II 86, 23%. (2). Keaktifan siswa dalam proses pembelajaran sebelum dilakukan tindakan 23, 18%, setelah siklus I 67, 97%, dan setelah siklus II 85, 41%. (3). Persentase siswa yang mendapatkan nilai tuntas di atas 70 sebelum dilakukan tindakan 31, 75%, setelah siklus I 68, 25%, dan setelah siklus II 87, 75%. (4). Terdapat peningkatan yang signifikan antara masing-masing indikator pada setiap siklus, hal tersebut dapat di lihat  dari  peningkatan  kesiapan,   keaktifan,   dan  hasil  belajar  siswa  pada  saat sebelum dilakukan tindakan, pada siklus I dan pada siklus II. Pada siklus II semua indikator telah melampaui target persentase indikator keberhasilan yang telah ditetapkan.  Sehingga  siklus  penelitian dapat  dihentikan  pada  siklus  II dan dapat di tarik kesimpulan bahwa metode pembelajaran demonstration berbasis  discussion process berhasil serta lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan metode ceramah.

Numerical Solution of Boundary and Initial Boundary-Value Problems Using Polynomial and Non-Polynomial Spline Functions Method

The boundary and initial boundary value problems have always played a vital character in the fields of science and technology. Different numerical techniques are used to obtain numerical approximations of such problems. We present and illustrate novel numerical techniques for the numerical approximations of higher order boundary and initial boundary value problems. The numerical techniques derived in this research work are based upon the fact of employing polynomial cubic spline (PCS) scheme and non polynomial cubic spline (NPCS) scheme in conjunction with the decomposition procedure. In the case for ordinary differential equations, the decomposition procedure is used to reduce the higher order boundary value problems (BVPs) into the corresponding system of second order boundary value problems. Then PCS and NPCS schemes are constructed for each second order ordinary differential equation. The first order derivatives are approximated by the central finite differences of(ℎ ). For partial differential equations, the second order time derivatives are decomposed into the first order derivatives. The process of decomposition generates a linear system of partial differential equations, where the first order time derivatives are approximated by the central finite differences. The performance of the new derived schemes is illustrated by numerical tests that involve comparing numerical approximations with analytical solutions on a collection of carefully selected problems from the literature. These problems range from those involving higher order ordinary differential equations, for example, fifth, sixth, seventh, twelfth, and thirteenth order ordinary differential equations and partial differential equations, like fourth order parabolic equations, one dimensional hyperbolic telegraph equations, and one dimensional wave equations. In addition, Adomian decomposition method is used to construct the boundary conditions for the solution of fourth order parabolic equations.