ڈاکٹر سید محی الدین زور قادری
اردو زبان کے مشہور خدمت گذار اور نامور صاحبِ قلم ڈاکٹر سید محی الدین زور قادری کی وفات دنیائے اردو کا بڑا سانحہ ہے، انھوں نے علمی اور عملی دونوں حیثیتوں سے اردو زبان و ادب کی بڑی خدمت کی، وہ دکن کے مولوی عبدالحق اور دکنیات کے خصوصیت کے ساتھ بڑے ماہر تھے، قدیم دکھنی اردو کی بہت سی نادر کتابیں انھوں نے شائع کیں، ان کاسب سے بڑا کارنامہ ادارۂ ادبیاتِ اردو حیدرآباد ہے، اس ادارہ نے اردو زبان و ادب کی جو گوناگوں خدمات انجام دیں، اس کی مثال اردو کے اس کی عمر کے اداروں میں نہیں مل سکتی، اس کی․․․․․․․ حیثیت دکن میں وہی ہے، جو شمالی ہند میں انجمن ترقی اردو ہند کی ہے اور آج اندھراپردیش میں اردو کا وجود اور اس کا وقار اسی ادارے کے دم سے قائم ہے، ڈاکٹر زور کی مستقل تصانیف اور ان کی مرتب اور شائع کردہ کتابوں کی تعداد ایک درجن سے زیادہ ہوگی، وہ حیدرآباد کے ایک خانوادۂ مشائخ سے تعلق رکھتے تھے، اسی نسبت سے اپنے نام کے ساتھ قادری لکھتے تھے، اور اس سلسلہ کو انھوں نے قائم بھی رکھا تھا، چناچہ ان کے بڑے صاحبزادے ان کی خاندانی خانقاہ کے سجادہ نشین ہیں، مگر ان کی علمی و ادبی شہرت نے ان کی اس حیثیت کو اتنا چھپا دیا تھا کہ اس کا علم بھی بہتوں کو نہیں ہے، اﷲ تعالیٰ ان کی مغفرت فرمائے۔
(شاہ معین الدین ندوی، اکتوبر ۱۹۶۲ء)
The study investigated school business competencies for improved administrative effectiveness in Public Secondary School in Rivers State. Three research questions and two null hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. The population of the study was 286 principals in all the public secondary schools in Rivers State. A sample of 166 through a stratified random technique was determined using the Taro Yamane formula. The instrument of the study was a self design instrument captioned “School Business Management Competencies Questionnaire (SBMCQ) and Principal Administrative Effectiveness (PAE) with the reliability coefficients of 0.77 and 0.84 respectively which was determined through the Cronbach alpha statistics. Mean scores and standard deviation was used to answer the research questions while Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient was sued to test the hypothesis. It was discovered that the highest kind of business available in the public school is related to cafeteria / canteen services and that also to a high extent, resourcefulness as a business management competency improves administrative effectiveness in public secondary schools in Rivers State. It concluded that for the school administrators to manage the school business effective (administrative effectiveness), they must possess the core competence of resourcefulness, conceptual thinking and administrative organisation. It was recommended among others that the principal should have a comprehensive understanding of the school complex nature and also think critically at both abstract and concrete level to harmonize a rather multifaceted business challenges in the school and proffer realistic solutions.
The population of Quetta city and surroundings is almost totally dependent upon groundwater, which is abstracted from the aquifer system of the valley through tube wells. Due to overdraft of groundwater the aquifer system is under tremendous stress. The water table is declining continuously at an increasing rate. The average decline in water table in 2007 was about one meter. The situation is quite alarming and points towards the danger of the complete depletion of the aquifer system. To study the problem in-depth, the aquifer system of Quetta valley was evaluated through integrated application of geophysical methods and groundwater flow modeling. Geometry of an aquifer is a prerequisite for groundwater flow modeling, but there was no data available about the depth to bedrock, therefore, electrical resistivity, seismic reflection and gravity methods were employed. GM SYS; a gravity software of Northwest Geophysical Associates, USA was used for modeling of gravity data and the depth to bedrock determined through interpretation of electrical resistivity and seismic reflection data was used as constraint in the modeling. From the results of gravity modeling a map of depth to bedrock was prepared. For groundwater flow modeling Visual MODFLOW of the Waterloo Hydrogeologic Inc., Canada was used. The aquifer system of the valley was simulated by a simplified model consisting only of two layers, the top layer for the unconsolidated and semi-consolidated rocks aquifers and bottom layer for the consolidated rocks aquifers. Data of the depth to bedrock were put into the groundwater flow model as the bottom of the top layer. The model was successfully calibrated against the water table observation data from 1955 to 1995. Calibration was performed under both the steady and transient conditions. Verification of the model was done with the observation data from 1996 to 2007. With the assumption that the natural conditions of recharge and discharge will not change in future, four future scenarios differing only in the abstraction of groundwater were prepared. These scenarios were simulated and predictions by the model were made for the period 2008 to 2030. Results of the study show that groundwater abstraction is too much high in comparison to recharge of the aquifer, therefore negative water balance will continue and that water table will decline necessarily despite of attempting efforts to arrest it. At the most the decline in water table can be slowed down by keeping the groundwater abstraction at the level of 2007.