عالمی سیاست میں اسلامی ریاست کا کردار: سیرت نبوی کی روشنی میں ایک جائزہ

Islam is the name of goodwill, and Islamic state takes into consideration all benefits for their all inhabitants, belonging to this world or hereafter. In this regard an Islamic state has a status of mother, who keeps spirit of love for all his inhabitants and who doesn’t differentiate between Muslim and non-Muslim for the delivery of rights because the head of Islamic state or khalifa will be busy to emulate rules of owner Allah Almighty (S.W) and never interfere in the handover system nor seek any personal benefit, however he will be doing sincere effort to play his role the same way which is assigned to him. Since there is no existence of Muslim state in present day structure, so in this discussion it will be attempted to differentiate between an Islamic state and Muslims state in role and behavior, which will cover the following areas.  The structure of Islamic state and institutional principles  The role and status of an Islamic state in world politics  Present Muslims state’s status and their role in world politics and affairs as will.

Improving My Teaching of Creative Writing Skills by Using Short Stories With Students of Secondary Class in a Private School

The purpose of this Action Research was to improve my teaching skills of creative writing using short stories. The study was conducted in an English Language class of grade VII in a private secondary school in Karachi where English is used as a second language. The research had qualitative paradigm of action research. For this study, students were taught to write creatively using short stories as prompts for their writing. The data of the study was collected through classroom teaching sessions, observations, field notes, document analysis and semi-structured focused group interviews. The findings of this research revealed that stories have very powerful effect on students and can be used for numerous teaching strategies. In order to help student enhance their learning teacher have to enhance their teaching strategies and this can be achieved by continuous professional development, self-motivation, reflection on the teaching methodologies, and having interesting and motivating techniques helping students to express their ideas. It was also found that students feel ownership of their work if they are allowed to think outside the box and develop their ideas. Moreover it was found that the process approach was more fruitful than the product approach. During the study it was also found that positive feedback and evaluation by the teacher helps generate interest in creative writing by the students. This study will be an addition to repertoire 'of knowledge generated by previous researchers and will be beneficial for teachers and stakeholders who are involved in teaching of Creative writing especially as a second language (ESL) across the globe.