یا اسفٰی علی یوسف
افسوس ہے کہ جناب سید یوسف صاحب سکریٹری جماعت اسلامی ہند کا مختصر علالت کے بعد انتقال ہوگیا۔ اناﷲوانا الیہ راجعون۔
وہ جماعت اسلامی ہند کے پُرجوش اور فعال رکن تھے، جماعت کے سکریٹری ہونے کے ساتھ انگریزی ہفتہ وار اخبار ’’ریڈینس‘‘ بھی ان کی ادارت میں نکلتا تھا۔ جماعت اسلامی نے جب ’’فورم برائے جمہوریت و فرقہ وارانہ ہم آہنگی‘‘ کے نام سے ایک مشترکہ سیکولر پلیٹ فارم قائم کیا تو اس کی کامیابی کے لیے انہوں نے بڑی سرگرمی دکھائی اور مسلسل سفر بھی کیے۔نہایت سادہ، متواضع اور خلیق آدمی تھے، ہر طبقہ و مسلک کے لوگوں سے خندہ پیشانی کے ساتھ ملتے جلتے تھے، ابھی صرف انسٹھ برس کی عمر ہوئی تھی اور جماعت اسلامی ہند کو بجا طور پر ان سے بڑی توقعات وابستہ تھیں مگر ۳۰؍ ستمبر کو رب حقیقی سے جاملے۔ اﷲ تعالیٰ ان کی مغفرت فرمائے اور تمام متعلقین کو صبر جمیل عطا کرے، آمین۔ (’’ع ۔ع‘‘، اکتوبر ۱۹۹۷ء)
Due to male dominance in society as well as in households, the rights of females are ignored. Hence, there exists gender discrimination while giving food to family members which in turn results in poor health status for females. Therefore, it is important to explore the causes of this unequal distribution of food among family members Objective: To determine psychosocial factors causing gender discrimination regarding food distribution among families Methods: Data collected from fifty females aged 15-80 years, selected from the urban community using non-probability consecutive sampling, were used for analysis. Females with malnutrition, psychological disorders, with laparotomy and major surgery were excluded. Gender discrimination was assessed as males or male children were preferred for better and more food items like fresh food, meat, fruits, milk, dairy products and multivariate logistic regression analysis was done to see the impact selected factors on gender discrimination Results: The large family size (> 6 members) showed significantly higher odds of discrimination (OR=3.89; 95% CI= 1.03-15.26) than smaller families. The odds of food discrimination were 4 times more for the families, with males being earning hand (OR=4.57; 95% CI= 1.19-18.31). Similarly, there exist higher odds of gender discrimination in low-income families (OR=5.10; 95% CI= 1.18-23.87). While maternal education reduces the chances of food discrimination (OR=0.10; 95% CI= 0.02-0.42) Conclusions: Psychosocial factors such as large family size, low monthly income, males being earning hand and maternal education were found to be associated with gender discrimination regarding food distribution among family members.
The gladiolus industry is based on its flower and corm production; however its commercial cultivation is limited by low multiplication rate of corms. The present study was therefore intended establishing production protocol for the propagation of gladiolus by testifying and comparing conventional methods of propagation with advanced technology based methods like tissue culture. For the purpose corms of three commercially grown varieties viz. Traderhorn, White Friendship and Peter Pears were selected. In conventional methods, two experiments were conducted consecutively for two years i.e. 2006-07 and arranged in split plot design with three replications In first experiment different propagation techniques viz. whole corms of uniform size 12/14 cm (diameter 3.6-3.8 cm), simple half corms, half corms treated with activated charcoal, and removal of three leaves alone or along with flower spike were applied to explore the possibility of increasing propagation rates. Removal of three leaves with flower spike exhibited the best response in all three varieties producing the highest mean weight of single corm (65.40), total weight of corms (106.86 g), collective total weight of corms and cormels (136.59 g), more number of corms (1.79) and number of cormels (71.14) plant -1 . Another field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of different corm sizes viz. small, (diameter 2.2-2.4 cm), medium (diameter 2.7-3.0 cm) and large (diameter 3.2-3.5 cm) on the vegetative, floral and corm yield attributes of gladiolus. Large sized corms exhibited the best response in all three varieties producing the highest mean leaf breadth (3.04 cm), length of flowering spike (70.14 cm) and number of florets spike -1 (16.33) over those produced from small and medium sized ones, whereas plant height greatly decreased in response to large sized corms. Regarding corm and cormel production, large sized corms produced significantly higher mean weight of total corms (86.90 g), cormel weight (20.26 g), collective total weight of corms and cormels (107.17 g), number of corms (1.59) and number of cormels (49.16 g) plant -1 . All obtained corms and cormels from both field experiments were graded on the basis of diameter into large as well as small sized corms when categorized according to the standards of North American Gladiolus Council. In vitro propagation techniques by the use of different explants and media supplemented with various growth regulators were explored and optimized for mass production of cormels. The explants viz. nodal cultures from different stages of flower spike, cormels sizes/cormel sprouts of different sizes and cormel sections were used for direct regeneration, whereas, regeneration through callus phase was obtained from shoot tip of cormel and cormel slices. The heading stage of nodal cultures, large sized cormel, medium cormel sprouts and top section of the cormel were evaluated the best stage/size from each explant for efficient shoot regeneration on MS medium supplemented with BAP (2 or 4 mg L -1 ). The shoot tip of cormel had more potential for callus induction as compared to cormel slices produced the highest mean callus initiation (87.78%) on MS medium supplemented with NAA (2 mg L -1 ) within 24.44 days. The regeneration of shoots from calli in shoot tip of cormel and cormel slices increased as the concentration of BAP increased from 2 to 4 mg L -1 . The better response for rooting from the shoots of different explant source was observed on MS medium containing IBA (1 or 2 mg L -1 ) and sucrose (3 or 5%). Out of 4 explant sources used for rooting, cormel sprout proved the best explant in terms of more production of roots in all varieties. In icallogenic regeneration, the explant shoot tip of cormel was evaluated the best explant in terms of productive rooting as compared to cormel slices. The cormel production from each explant source was greatly affected by MS medium supplemented with IBA (1 mg L -1 ) and sucrose (5 or 7%). The cormel sprout and shoot tip of cormel were recorded the best explants for maximum cormel production. The size of the cormels produced through direct mode of regeneration was recorded more as compared to cormels produced through callus phase. The size enhancement studies of cormels were also conducted by using in vitro regenerated plantlets and placed on cormel induction media as well as in different compost media. The cormel size increased greatly in compost media as compared to cormel induction media having different plant growth regulators. The size enhancement and acclimatization of direct in virto regenerated plantlets was successfully achieved in gro green compost and coconut coir, where as the plantlets produced through callus phase couldn’t survive in all media. The presence of somaclonal variation by using RAPD and ISSR molecular markers was detected among in vitro propagated cormels and had varying degree of variation from mother cormels in each variety of the gladiolus.