68. Al-Qalam/The Pen
I/We begin by the Blessed Name of Allah
The Immensely Merciful to all, The Infinitely Compassionate to everyone.
68:01
a. Nun.
b. By the pen and
c. that which they write with it write.
68:02
a. O The Prophet!
b. You are not insane by the Grace of your Rabb - The Lord,
68:03
a. and, indeed, for you will be a reward never ending, never diminishing,
68:04
a. for, indeed, you are of an exalted status of moral excellence.
68:05
a. Soon you will see, and they – disbelievers – too will see,
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a. which of you is insane.
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a. Indeed, your Rabb - The Lord is Fully Aware of whoever strays off HIS Path,
b. as HE is also Fully Aware of those who are guided aright.
68:08
a. So do not yield to the pressures of those who persistently belie your Mission and the Divine Message.
68:09
a. They wish that you should compromise in your advocacy, so they too would compromise
on their attitude.
68:10
a. And do not yield to the pressure of any imprudent habitual oath-swearer,
68:11
a. to any slanderer, back biter,
b. going around spreading gossip to cause mischief among people,
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a. who will hinder people from doing good, and
b. a defiant sinner, transgressor,
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a. rude and moreover low-born,
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a. who would so act merely because he possess wealth and children/sons and family influence.
68:15
a. Whenever OUR Messages...
Background: Inadequate child feeding practices lead to malnutrition, higher under-five mortality rates and adverse effects on quality of life. This study aimed to assess the breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices of mothers as well as the influence of various sociodemographic factors on them in local families of Lahore. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive study. It was conducted in CMH (Combined Military Hospital), Lahore in 2018. It comprises a sample of 203 mothers with children of at least two years of age, from various urban areas of Lahore. The subjects were selected on the basis of the inclusion criteria. Mothers with psychiatric illnesses and children with congenital anomalies were excluded from the study. Mothers were approached in the paediatric outpatient departments of four tertiary care hospitals of Lahore. Responses were recorded using a modified version of the Action Contre La Faim (ACF) questionnaire. Independent sample t-test and chi-square test were applied for analysis of the data. Results: Early initiation of breastfeeding within one hour from birth was observed in 83.3% children. Most children were administered colostrum (69.5%). The rate of exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months was 45.3%. A child was being breastfed 8.21 ± 6.67 (mean ± SD) times a day. Maternal educational status, total number of adults in a household, and access to free healthcare were identified as important factors influencing the practice of breastfeeding. Porridge, khichdi, eggs, fruit and yoghurt were the most frequently used complementary foods. Conclusions: A high rate of an early start of breastfeeding and a low rate of exclusive breastfeeding for at least six months were predominant in our population. Administration of colostrum was observed in approximately two-thirds of the study participants. Education of the mother, type of the family system (nuclear or combined), and access to free healthcare strongly influence the breastfeeding practices.
The experiment was conducted in research area of Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad. Sixty genotypes of Brassica napus L. were screened under Polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) mediated drought stress at seedling stage. Data were recorded on mean values for shoot length (mm), root length (mm), fresh root and shoot weight (g) and dry root and shoot weight (g). Eight genotypes i.e. Faisal sarson, Dunkled, RBN, Punjab sarson, Rainbow, Chakwal sarson, Shiralee and Legand were selected as female and four as open pollinated males i.e. DGL, Cyclone, Zm- 21 and 8- LBN. These selected genotypes were crossed in line × tester fashion and 32 crosses and their parents were evaluated under four treatments including control (T0) were applied viz no irrigation at flowering stage (T1), no irrigation at seed set stage (T2) and no irrigation at whole plant growth stage (T3). Data were recorded for morphological and physiological traits for each treatment on yield and yield components viz. plant height, days taken to flowering, days taken to maturity, primary branches per plant, secondary branches per plant, number of siliquae per plant, silique length, number of seeds per siliquae, 1000-seed weigh, seed yield per plant, oil contents and water contents. The recorded data was subjected to various analysis to determine genetic variability, general and specific combining ability effects, heritability and interrelationship among the traits. All genotypes showed significant results in all treatments. The study revealed that parents Dunkled, Legand, Chakwal sarson, Zm-21 and DGL were good general combiners for seed yield and related traits therefore these parental lines can be utilized for developing further hybrids. Based on SCA effects the cross Chakwal sarson × Zm-21, Rainbow × DGL and Shiralee × DGL were best for yield in all treatments respectively. It is suggested to test these hybrids on large scale to know their potential and stability. Based on heterotic studies, Punjab sarson × DGL and Dunkled × Zm-21 were the best performer over MPH and BPH while Punjab sarson × DGL, Punjab sarson × Cyclone, Chakwal sarson × Cyclone, Punjab sarson × Zm-21, Chakwal sarson × 8-LBN and Legand × 8- LBN performed best over mid parent at all treatments. Gene action varied with the breeding material. High heritability was observed for most of the traits in all treatments indicating presence of additive gene action. Correlation was positive for most yield related traits but primary branches, secondary branches and 1000-seed weight was common in all treatments.