ڈاکٹر یوسف حسین مرحوم
معارف کا زیادہ تر حصہ لکھا جاچکا تھا کہ ڈاکٹر یوسف حسین خاں کے انتقال پر ملال کی خبر ملی، وہ ہماری مجلسِ انتظامیہ کے بہت پرانے رکن تھے، ان کی وفات سے یہ ملک ایک شریف ترین انسان ، ایک خلیق بزرگ، ا یک اچھے دوست اور ایک بہت ہی نامورمصنف سے محروم ہوگیا، اﷲ تبارک و تعالیٰ ان کو کروٹ کروٹ جنت نعیم عطا کریں۔ (صباح الدین عبدالرحمن، مارچ ۱۹۷۹ء)
ڈاکٹر یوسف حسین مرحوم
گذشتہ ۲۱؍ فروری کی رات کو ریڈیو میں خبر سنی کہ ڈاکٹر یوسف حسین اﷲ کو پیارے ہوئے یہ خبر سن کر ایسا معلوم ہوا کہ کوئی شفیق بزرگ دائمی مفارقت دے گیا، رات بڑ ے کرب سے گذری۔
ان سے میرا پہلا تعارف ۱۹۳۴ء میں ہوا میں کچھ دنوں جامعہ ملیہ میں بھی رہا، قرول باغ کے جس مکان میں ڈاکٹر ذاکر حسین مرحوم جامعہ ملیہ کے شیخ الجامعہ کی حیثیت سے سکونت پذیر تھے، اسی کے پاس میں ایک مکان میں مقیم تھا، ان دنوں ڈاکٹر یوسف حسین جامعہ عثمانیہ میں تاریخ کے استاد تھے، عید منانے اپنے محبوب بھائی ڈاکٹر ذاکر حسین صاحب کے پاس آگئے تھے، ان کو پہلی دفعہ دیکھا تو سفید شیروانی میں ملبوس تھے، بہت ہی شکیل اور رعنا جو ان نظر آئے، اسی زمانہ میں ان کے بھتیجے امتیاز حسین مرحوم یعنی ان کے سب سے بڑے بھائی کے لڑکے جامعہ ملیہ سے بی۔اے کی تعلیم سے فارغ ہوئے تھے اور مزید تعلیم کے لیے یورپ جانے کی فکر میں تھے، وہ خالی اوقات میں میرے پاس آجاتے، ان سے معلوم ہوا کہ ڈاکٹر ذاکر حسین صاحب کے گھر کی عورتیں ڈاکٹر یوسف حسین صاحب کو خوش قسمت اور مالدار سمجھتی ہیں، کیونکہ ان کے یہاں اچھے سوفہ سٹ اور دوسرے فرنیچرس جو اس زمانہ میں...
Misunderstanding of Westerner about Islam. Islam originates from the word "Salam" which means peace, submission and tolerance. Islam has never preached for intolerance, hatred and violence. It has despised violence and bloodshed and having no place for extremism. Islam is a religion of moderation rather than extremism. The Holy Quran enshrines benign treatment and attitude even towards non-believers, who are residing in Muslim state and to guarantee them all their basic rights of life and property. It negates hatred and fundamentalism and stands for universality. There arises question that how this situation has been muddled and the real soul of Islam is distorted? How incendiary norms have been infested in federally administered tribal areas of Pakistan? There is a need for implementation of anti-terror laws and to condemn terrorism in all its manifestations.
Several rhizobial strains were isolated from the root nodules of mung bean (Vigna radiate L.), chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and lentil (Lens culinaris M.) plants collected from different sites by using YMA medium. Colonies showing prolific growth were streaked on fresh medium and twenty fast growing pure cultures from each host were selected, coded and preserved in 20% glycerol at -20 °C. A series of jar experiments were carried out to screen three most efficient isolates from twenty selected isolates of each rhizobium species (i.e. Rhizobium phaseoli, Mesorhizobium ciceri and Rhizobium leguminosarum) on the basis of their growth promoting potential with maize and wheat seedlings under axenic conditions. Results of the jar experiments revealed that most of the isolates from all the three rhizobium species exhibited growth promoting activities in both the crops except the isolates of R. leguminosarum species in which most of the isolates remained deleterious for maize seedlings. Based upon the data regarding jar experiments, nine isolates (i.e. CRI 28 , CRI 34 , CRI 35 , LSI 21 , LSI 29 , LSI 32 , A 18 , S 6 and S 17 ) screened as the best for maize were found different from the nine best isolates (i.e. CRI 31 , CRI 37 , CRI 38 , LSI 19 , LSI 23 , LSI 30 , N 8 , N 16 and S 43 ) screened for wheat crop clearly indicating the strain-crop specificity. These isolates were used for subsequent pot and field studies. In case of pot experiments, increases up to 47.89% and 30.29% in grain yields of maize and wheat, respectively over un-inoculated control were recorded due to inoculation with the selected rhizobial isolates. Whereas, under field conditions, inoculation with the selected rhizobial isolates resulted in increased plant height (up to26.51%), shoot fresh and dry weight (up to 76.95 and 52.26%), air dried cob yield (up to 64.53%), grain yield (up to 63.37%), 1000-grain weight (up to 28.88%), %K in grains and straw (up to 29.49 and 29.08%), %N in grains and straw (up to 32.06 and 25.45%) and %P in grains and straw (up to 47.37 and 41.57%) of maize compared with un-inoculated control while, in wheat, the selected isolates improved plant height (up to 17.54%), tillers per plant (up to 39.29%), average spike length (up to 45.30%), straw yield (up to 35.15%), grain yield (up to 36.67%), 1000-grain weight (up to 28.52%), %K in grains and straw (up to 46.77 and 17.78%), %N in grains and straw (up to 16.49 and 34.55%) and %P in grains and straw (up to 25.30 and 66.66%) compared with un-inoculated control. Overall, each set of the nine selected isolates promoted the growth and yield of their respective test crop in pots and also proved as effective PGPR in field but their efficacy varied among the species. Characterization of the selected rhizobial isolates of maize and wheat revealed that all the isolates were having more than one mechanism of action. Hence the growth promotion caused by these selected isolates could be a function of multiple mechanisms. Conclusively, it is stated that selected rhizobial strains could be used as PGPR for non-legumes. Moreover, the use of general PGPR strains of Rhizobium spp. could be avoided to a significant extent without knowing the particular information about the compatibility potential of the strains toward specific crop variety, soil and environmental conditions for which it could be used. In other words, strains of Rhizobium spp. recognized for the growth and yield promotion of non- legumes could be used efficiently and effectively only against specific host under specific set of soil and environmental conditions for maximum benefits.