خلیفہ عبدالحکیم
خلیفہ عبدالحکیم ایک بالغ نظر فلسفی اور ممتاز صاحب علم و قلم تھے، وہ بھی عثمانیہ میں فلسفہ کے پروفیسر تھے، مذہب پر بھی ان کی نگاہ تھی، اور شعر و ادب کا بھی ستھرا اور پاکیزہ مذاق رکھتے تھے، اقبال کے فلسفہ اور کلام کے بڑے عارف اور اس کے نہایت اچھے شارح و ترجمان تھے، جامعہ عثمانیہ سے ریٹائر ہونے کے بعد لاہور میں اقبال کی یادگار میں ایک ادارہ اقبال اکیڈمی قائم کیا تھا، اور ’’اقبال‘‘ کے نام سے ایک بلند پایہ علمی رسالہ انگریزی اور اردو دونوں زبانوں میں نکالتے تھے، ادارۂ ثقافت اسلامیہ کے بھی بانیوں میں اور اس کے رکن رکین تھے، اس کا رسالہ ثقافت بھی ان ہی کی ادارت میں نکلتا تھا، ان کا علمی مذاق نہایت بلند تھا، اور ان کی پوری زندگی علم و ادب کی خدمت میں گزری، انھوں نے فلسفہ، ادب اور مذہب پر نہایت قابل قدر کتابیں لکھیں، ان کی دو کتابیں فکر غالب اور افکار اقبال خاص طور سے اہم ہیں مگر ان کے خیالات میں تجدد کا اثر تھا اس لیے مذہبی تعلیمات کی ترجمانی میں ان سے غلطیاں ہوئیں، لیکن ان کی نیت نیک اور ان کے دل میں مذہب کا درد تھا اور ان کی کتابیں ایک طبقہ کے لیے مفید بھی ہیں، اس حیثیت سے انھوں نے مذہب کی بھی خدمت کی، اﷲ تعالیٰ ان کی قلمی لغزشوں سے درگزر ان کی خدمت قبول اور ان کی مغفرت فرمائے، اب ایسے خالص اہل علم مشکل سے پیدا ہوں گے۔ (شاہ معین الدین ندوی، مارچ ۱۹۵۹ء)خلیفہ عبدالحکیم ایک بالغ نظر فلسفی اور ممتاز صاحب علم و قلم تھے، وہ بھی عثمانیہ میں فلسفہ کے پروفیسر تھے، مذہب پر بھی ان کی نگاہ تھی، اور شعر و ادب کا بھی ستھرا اور پاکیزہ مذاق رکھتے تھے، اقبال کے فلسفہ...
In most of service organizations particularly in Pakistan financial sector, employees have reduced their job performance and shortened quality of work due to many factors influencing them at workplace. This research study aims to explore such antecedents in view of Islam that can improve the quality of work in banking sector wherein mediating effect of perceived job performance has been tested. Model variables of this study have also been described in the Islamic perspective. Islam is complete religion in all respect and provides foundation for quality of work. Accuracy & beatification in work, discipline, sequence of tasks, impartiality, and Islamic job satisfaction, knowing ourselves and its link with knowing to our God are parts of quality of work and employees’ performance in the Islamic point of view. The target population of this study covers 20,514 employees of banking sector working in capital cities of Pakistan. Data were collected via cross sectional approach from 380 desk and frontline officials of Public and private banks. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling techniques were used for data analysis. Findings of this research are demonstrated that job satisfaction and emotional intelligence are found the valuable antecedents of job performance and quality of work where employee’s job performance has been proved as a partial mediator between antecedents and quality of work. The two antecedents i.e. Job satisfaction, emotional intelligence of perceived job performance and quality of work have been supposed in this study to take as interpreters for the improvement of employees’ contentment and abilities in the working environment of banking sector. These are positively persuaded to job performance and quality of work. A practical exposure is offered by this research that organizational education about importance to employee’s satisfaction and emotional intelligence would be vital for achieving optimum results in this industry.
Antibiotics are used since 1940 to fight bacterial infections due to versatility and high efficacy against bacteria. Metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) are zinc ion dependent enzymes that are responsible for the emergence and spread of β-lactam resistance. Clinically useful MBL inhibitors are not yet available. The increasing number of novel members of this family is threatening to global health care. Sequence identities and structural characteristics at active site has led to the inception of MBL subclasses B1, B2, B3 and recently B4. AIM-1 (Adelaide IMipenemase-1) is a novel and poorly characterized MBL that was found in Adelaide, Australia and found to be similar in many ways to numerous other enzymes that pose a threat to human health because of their ability to protect bacteria from penicillin like compounds. Being an exclusive member of B3 subclass AIM-1 is suggested as a potential candidate for broad spectrum MBL inhibitor. In present study, a series of mutant forms of AIM-1 was produced by site-specific mutagenesis. D155, D220 and T223 were selected as second shell metal coordinated residues in case of Zn1 whereas D120 was selected as primary ligand. The native and mutant enzymes were then expressed and purified so that the kinetic properties of the mutant enzymes could be compared with those of the native enzyme. Metal chelators were used to remove the metals from the native and mutant forms of the enzyme so that ITC (isothermal titration calorimetry) could be used to determine the metal binding constants. Kinetic data suggest that Asp120 and second shell ligands have showed clear effects and are important for enzymatic activity. In case of Zn1 D to N mutagenesis in second metal coordinates accommodate the smaller substrate molecules like Carbapenems and can effect metal binding whereas D to A mutation severely impaired catalytic rate. Two exothermic metal binding events were observed where one is stronger and other is weaker. Later, two putative MBLs were identified by protein database search, in silico characterized and compared with AIM-1. Information gained from this study may also be useful in the design of inhibitors that could be used as anti-bacterial agents.