ایک نواب عالم کی وفات
ہندوستان کے ان پرانے مسلمان خاندانوں میں سے جو شرافت نسب کے ساتھ علم اور دولت دونوں کے جامع ہیں، اب خال خال گھرانے رہ گئے ہیں، انہیں میں سے ایک والا جاہ نواب سید صدیق حسن خان مرحوم کا خاندان تھا، جن کے چھوٹے صاحبزادہ صفی الدولہ حسام الملک شمس العلماء نواب سید محمد علی حسن خان مرحوم نے ۱۹؍ نومبر ۱۹۳۶ء مطابق، ۳؍ رمضان المبارک ۱۳۵۵ھ کی صبح کو اپنی کوٹھی بھوپال ہاؤ س لال باغ لکھنؤ میں بہتر برس کی عمر میں وفات پائی، افسوس ہے کہ ایک پرانے خاندان کے فضل و کمال اور جاہ و جلال کی یادگار آج مٹ گئی۔
مرحوم ان لوگوں میں تھے جن کی آنکھوں نے مسلمانوں کے علمی و تعلیمی، سیاسی و تمدنی انقلاب کے مناظر دیکھے، وہ پیدا تو ایک ’’کنزرویٹو‘‘ گھرانے میں ہوئے اور اسی ماحول میں تعلیم و تربیت پائی، لیکن فطرت کی طرف سے وہ ایک اثر پذیر اور حساس دل لائے تھے، باوجود اس کے کہ وہ بھوپال میں پیدا ہوئے جہاں حددرجہ قدامت کی حکومت اور سطوت تھی اور ممکن نہ تھا کہ نورمحل میں نئی روشنی کی ایک کرن بھی پہنچ سکے، مگر استعداد طبع دیکھئے کہ کہ خود بخود ادھر طبیعت کا میلان ہوا، سرسید کی جدید تعلیمی تحریک میں اور پھر ندوۃ العلماء کی مذہبی تحریک میں شریک ہوئے اور ہر قسم کی جانی و مالی خدمتیں انجام دیں، مدت تک ندوہ کے اعزازی ناظم رہے، دارالمصنفین کے اساسی ارکان میں تھے اور لکھنؤ کی ہر سنجیدہ تحریک میں ان کا نام سرفہرست رہتا تھا۔
وہ عربی زبان کے عالم، فارسی زبان کے ماہر اور اردو کے مشّاق اہل قلم تھے، فارسی شعر و سخن اور محاورات پر ان کو عبور کامل حاصل تھا، فارسی کا مشکل سے کوئی اچھا شعر ہوگا...
Indeed, nobody can deny the role and importance of women in any peaceful society. Their contribution is not only essential to enhance the living standard but also they are life blood of prosperity and beauty of this universe. In each & every field of life their need is felt but regrettably, it is not realized by all that how much women have experienced discrimination and deprivation of their rights and freedom. Many of restrictions and limitations faced by them are due to culture and tradition. Although women play an important role in the development and success of men, but do not get any reward for their allegiance, loyalty and devotion. Islam acknowledged equality of women with men in a great way. In Islam women get a praiseworthy and admirable position which no religion ever gave them. Islam defined their duties and ordered to treat them equally but in spite of all that the woman of today’s Muslim world in general and Pakhtun society in particular is not entertaining their rights and status. This study specifically focusses on highlighting one of the Pakhtun customs and its aspects that badly violate the religious teachings regarding the Women marriage Status and there will also be some recommendations in order to eradicate these unlawful trends from society as to empower the women in real sense.
Linear and non-linear dynamics of di erent electrostatic modes is studied in inhomoge- neous, magnetized and non-Maxwellian plasmas. A linear dispersion relation is obtained for the Ion Temperature Gradient (ITG) mode and numerically analyzed in the presence of dust charge uctuations and Kappa distributed electrons. It is found that these nonthermal pop- ulations reduce the growth rate ITG. It is also noticed that the characteristics of ITG driven vortices change with the value of spectral index, inhomogeneities, scale lengths and dust charge uctuations. Electron Temperature Gradient (ETG) mode is investigated in a collisionless plasma with Kappa distributed ions. Di erent aspects of the ETG-mode are discussed and noticed that these are modi ed with the superthermality e ect of ions e.g., the phase velocity of the ETG- mode. In the nonlinear regime, we found the ETG mode driven vortex structures, where we noticed that the vortex speed and the amplitude changes with the Kappa value and the ion to electron temperature ratio. Further, the ETG mode is discussed by including the parallel electron dynamics. It is noticed that the parallel motion of electrons stabilizes the ETG instability. Thus the possibility of the formation of nonlinear vortex structures increase. These investigations are discussed both for circular and elliptic type dipolar vortices. In this model an eigen mode dispersion relation is also obtained in the ballooning limit. This relation is also modi ed in the presence of non- Maxwellian ions. Electron AcousticWaves (EAW) are studied with non-Maxwellian hot electrons and stationary/non- stationary ions. In this investigation, both the linear and nonlinear propagation of EAW with stationary and non-stationary ions are discussed. It is noticed that the behavior of EAW is di erent for Kappa distributed hot electrons and Cairn''s distributed hot electrons. Superthermality e ect of electrons and ions on the dust charge uctuations and on the low frequency dust drift/acoustic waves is investigated in an inhomogeneous dusty plasma. It is noticed that this superthermality e ect of ions and electrons reduces the growth rate of the instability due to dust charge uctuations. It is found that dust charge and the superthermalty e ect of ion and electrons reduce the growth rate of instability. In the nonlinear regime, the condition for the existence of dust drift/ acoustic wave driven vortices modi es due to spectral index Kappa. Further, we have investigated the ITG driven solitons and shocks for the electron-ion plasmas for thest time. In this case, it is noticed that the amplitude of the soliton decreases and width of the soliton increases with the increase in ion temperature. In the case of dissipated electron- ion plasmas, the amplitude of the shock increases for with an increase in thei value.