نیل کے سنگ:ایک تاثر
ڈاکٹر شفیق انجم
(نیشنل یونیورسٹی آف ماڈرن لینگویجز، نمل، اسلام آباد)
ہمارے محترم دوست ڈاکٹر الطاف یوسف زئی مرنجاں مرنج شخصیت ہیں۔ ملکوں ملک سیر کرتے ہیں خوش باش رہتے ہیں اور دوستوں کو خبر دیتے رہتے ہیں کہ بھئی زندگی کو یوں دیکھو۔ دنیا گول مٹول سی ایک گڑیا ہے، اس کے دھنک رنگ چہرے پہ نظریں جمائے رکھو اور چلتے رہو، زندگی بھلی لگے گی۔
ابھی کل ہی کی بات ہے ان کا سفر نامہ ’’تھائی لینڈ کے رنگ‘‘ پڑھا اور دیر تک اس کا جادو اثر دکھاتا رہا۔ اب ’’نیل کے سنگ‘‘ پڑھ رہا ہوں تو گویا دوہرے جادو کے حصار میں ہوں۔ مصر ایک ملک نہیں،ایک جادو نگری ہے۔ اس نگری کو جانے والے کم ہی سلامت دل لوٹتے ہیں۔ جہاں ایمان سنبھالے رکھنا بھی اک کام ہے لیکن دل کا جانا تو یقینی بات ہے۔ ڈاکٹر الطاف یوسف زئی نے بڑی کدو کاوش سے ایمان سنبھالے رکھا ہے لیکن دل کے معاملے میں حسبِ روایت جیت بازارِ مصر ہی کی ہوئی ہے۔ گو ہمارے مسافر کا سفر ایک علمی مقصد کے تحت تھا اور گو اس میں کچھ شک و شبہ نہیں کہ ہمارے مسافر کا سینہ وادیِ سوات کے منزہ پانیوں جیسا شفاف ہے لیکن مصر تو مصر ہے۔ باوضو نگاہیں بھی یہاں اس جادو کے سامنے بے بس ہو جاتی ہیں جو سامری کے زمانے سے بھی بہت پہلے نیل کی پیدائش کے ساتھ ہی اس مٹی پانی میں پھونک دیا گیا تھا۔
سفر نامے میں ایسے کئی مقامات آتے ہیں جہاں مسافر اس جادو کے زیرِ اثرعجب از خودرفتگی کے عالم میں نظر آتا ہے۔ مجھے وہ منظر بہت ہی بھلا لگا ہے جب کسی...
Improving quality of nursing services became a major issue in health development both in national and global, because of growing demands on health services organization to give satisfaction with nursing services maximally by providing the best service to facilitate the ease of fulfilling the needs and realize the satisfaction. This study was a quantitative research design survey analytic used cross-sectional approach. It was conducted at Harapan Hospital Pematangsiantar. The population were 280 respondents and a sample obtained by 74 respondents. Data analysis of univariate, bivariate using chi - square and multivariate using logistic regression at 95% confidence level (α =.05). The result showed that more respondents who gave a rating of good in the aspect of reliability, followed by the aspect of responsiveness, tangible, assurance, and empathy the influence aspects in this study were reliability (p=.002), assurance (p=.014), tangible (p=.011), empathy (p=.030), responsiveness (p=.024). The most influential aspects of this study was the reliability with Exp(B)/OR=20.667 that aspect of reliability that respondents perceived to have the opportunity 20.667 times to produce patient satisfaction. It is concluded that there was an influence of reliability, assurance, tangible, empathy, responsiveness to patient satisfaction in Harapan Hospital. It is recommended to hospital to further improve the quality of nursing service, to improve the welfare of nurse through provision of appropriate incentives hope the nurse, provide training, and installing CCTV in every room and monitoring of the level of patient satisfaction on a regular basis through a survey so that can improve the quality of hospital services as a whole.
There is scant literature available on the classroom-based English language assessment practices (APs) in Pakistan, particularly in Gilgit-Baltistan. Therefore, this study explored the current classroom-based English language APs for grade 9 and 10 level in a private secondary school in Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. The focus of the study was to gain an understanding of the interplay of English language APs and English language learning at the secondary level by exploring the phenomenon and to gather data on the APs being used by grade 9 and 10 teachers in the research site.The study sought to explore a phenomenon contextually and in-depth. This required adopting a qualitative case study design. Interviews, classroom observations, focus group discussions and document analysis were the methods used for the study. The generated data was analyzed using qualitative data analysis approach Yin, (2009). The primary research participants were 2 English language teachers and 12 students served as secondary participants: 6 students were from grade 9 and 6 were from grade 10. In the School of Shining Education (pseudonym), English language APs at grade 9 and 10 level seem to be shaped by different factors. These include: the pattern of the annual board examination, teachers’ perceptions and experiences, the textbooks of grade 9 an10, teachers performance appraisal, the availability of teaching resources and the expectations from students’ parents. The study also explored teachers’ perceptions about the English language assessment practices at the secondary level because perceptions affect practice. In view of this, the study explored teachers’ claim about teaching and assessing English as a language not as a subject. However, the study findings suggest that their teaching pedagogy is likely inclined towards teaching and assessing English as a subject owing to the contextual challenges and limitations. In conclusion, the findings of the study suggest that better language learning might be achieved through the use of a dynamic approach (using alternative assessment strategies) to classroom assessment. One practical way forward as regards enhancing the assessment practices would be to make the English language teaching more practical and skills-based. In this way, English can be taught and assessed as a language not as a subject. In doing so, It will align with the aims of the National Curriculum for English Language Grades I-XII, NC (2006) which stipulates the same.