محمد امین مسعود صدیقی
(ریاض الرحمن شروانی)
حبیب منزل، میرس روڈ، علی گڑھ،
۲۰۰۱-۳-۲۷ء۔
مکرمی و محترمی! السلام علیکم ورحمۃ اﷲ،
لکھنؤ سے کل ۲۵؍ مارچ کا ’’جدید مرکز‘‘ آیا تو اس میں محمد امین مسعود صدیقی صاحب کی اچانک وفات کی خبر پڑھ کر دلی صدمہ ہوا، اخبار میں اس خبر کی سرخی ’’مولانا آزادؒ کے عاشق تھے مسعود صدیقی‘‘ چھپی ہے اور اس سے بہتر سرخی کوئی اور نہیں ہوسکتی تھی۔ کیا عجیب عشق تھا کہ چاہتے تھے ہر فرد، ہر اخبار اور رسالہ اور ہر ادارہ اس عشق میں ان کا شریک ہوجائے۔ ہر ممکن طریقے سے مولانا آزادؒ کے پیغام کی اشاعت کے لئے سرگرداں رہتے تھے۔
ان میں اور بھی بہت سی خوبیاں تھیں، بہت دین دار، مخلص، متحرک اور بے نفس انسان تھے، میرا بہت لحاظ کرتے تھے۔ میں کسی معاملے میں ان سے اختلاف کرتا تھا تو خاموش ہوجاتے تھے، کبھی بحث نہیں کرتے تھے۔ مولانا آزادؒ پر کہیں کوئی چیز ان کی نظر سے گزرتی تھی تو اس کی فوٹو کاپی مجھے بھیج دیتے تھے۔ میں لکھنؤ جاتا تو انہیں مطلع کردیتا اور میرا جہاں کہیں قیام ہوتا وہ وہاں آکر مجھ سے ضرور ملتے تھے۔ مجھے ان کا آخری خط جو ۲۵؍ فروری کا لکھا ہوا تھا، ۲۸؍ کو ملا تھا۔ اس میں انہوں نے لکھا تھا: ’’معارف کا فروری ۲۰۰۱ء کا شمارہ آپ کو مل گیا ہوگا۔ اس میں اس ناچیز کا ایک مراسلہ شائع ہوا ہے۔ اس مراسلے پر حواشی میں جو باتیں تحریر فرمائی گئی ہیں۔ اس (کذا) سے نفس کی اصلاح کا موقع ملا ہے‘‘۔ ملاحظہ فرمایا آپ نے کس طرح اپنی کوتاہی کا اعتراف کیا ہے۔ میں نے کچھ غلط تو نہیں لکھا کہ کیسے بے نفس انسان تھے۔ اﷲ تعالیٰ مغفرت فرمائے اور درجات بلند کرے۔ بہت جلدی چلے گئے۔
امید ہے...
This article deals with analytical studies of ‘’Kulliyat-e-Bullehy Shah تایلک ہاش ےھلب’’one of the most important Poetry book of Bullehy Shah Wich has been set up by Dr. Faqir Muhammad by Punjab Literature Academy and Published y from Lahore in 1960. In it, I have presented a short life sketch of Baba Bullehy Shah, who is recognized as the poet of Punjabi and poet of Islam. Baba Bullehy Shah is a world renowned personality. His poetry opens new horizons of knowledge for us. Especially it created ripples in the Arab world. He is included in great Islamic poets. He was conceiver of Sufiism in Punjab and proselytizer of Islam, Qura’n and Hadith are the obvious imprints on his poetry. He had great love for Qura’n. I intended to introduce it to the readers, particularly the Allusions )تاحیملت(used in this work. The real and literal meanings of such Allusions have been elaborated in it. I also have highlighted the Quranic Allusions used by Bullehy Shah in this work. And also analyzing them. In this paper it has been picked this aspect in his poetry that how much his poetry was in flounced by Islamic in junction.
The adsorption of water-soluble polymer, Poly (vinylpyrrolidone) on kaolin has been investigated as a function of polymer concentration. The highest amount of polymer adsorbed was 1.19 mg m-2 with an average value of 1.142 mg m-2. The effect of different parameters like pH, molecular mass of polymer and pre-heat treatment on the adsorption of PVP has been deliberated. The 20.7% decrease in adsorption in pH ranging from 2–10 has been found. Maximum adsorption was observed at pH 5.6 that was also molecular mass dependent. By increasing the pretreatment temperature of kaolin, the amount of polymer (PVP) adsorbed was also increased up to certain temperature and was then decreased. This trend was attributed to variation in specific surface area of kaolin with the temperature. FTIR–Spectroscopy reveled the disappearance of C=O in PVP molecule, conversion of C-N to C=N and formation of C-O from C=O during adsorption process. Further the shifting of IR bands of outer OH groups of kaolin to lower frequency was indicated the involvement of OH groups of kaolin in hydrogen bonding with carbonyl group of PVP. In case of adsorption of Poly (vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) on AEROSIL®OX 50, the average value of amount adsorbed was 0.6 mg.m-2. The adsorbed amount was noted to be highest at low pH and decreased by 2.7% if the pH was varied from 3 to 6.3. Same trend was observed for all the three PVP samples indicating that the adsorption-pH dependent trend was almost independent of molecular mass of the polymer. However, the adsorption of PVP on the AEROSIL®OX 50 was slightly dependent on its surface charge. This trend was attributed to the fact that the dissociation of Silanol groups occurring at the pH greater than 3 effectively prohibited the formation of hydrogen bonds between Silanol groups of silica and PVP. The hydrophobic interactions played significant role in the adsorption phenomenon. Further, the pretreatment temperature beyond 523K increased the adsorption of polymer sharply. The FTIR spectroscopic results indicated that C=O group disappeared during the adsorption process. It suggested the formation of hydrogen bonding between Hydrogen of silanol and oxygen of C=O. The same was observed in case of N-C=O groups PVP which is electron donor in nature. From the adsorption data it was concluded that kaolin is an excellent adsorbent for PVP with an average value of 1.142 mg m-2 as compared to silica having average value of 0.6 mg m-2.Though the ultrasonication of kaolin up to 30 min led to decrease in size and widened its distribution little bit but it increased the surface charge of kaolin significantly. The addition of (PVP) polymer widened the size distribution of particles and increased the surface charge as well as Zeta potential of kaolin. This effect was increased with the increase in concentration and molecular mass of the polymer and hence the stability of dispersion. This trend was attributed to columbic as well as steric stabilization of dispersion. The addition of 0.1 to 0.15 mg/g of poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) resulted in flocculation of kaolin. The maximum removal of the turbidity/flocculation was achieved at 0.1 mg/g of polyelectrolyte concentration for the samples homogenized for 60 min. Further increase in the concentration of polymer caused an increase in residual turbidity as well as zeta potential of the system and hence re-stabilized the system. This was due to surface charge neutralization of particles by adsorbed polymer and formation of further adsorbed layers through hydrogen or hydrophobic bonding mechanisms. The settling rate was noted to be function of polyelectrolyte concentration. The highest settling rate (0.75 cm/min) was observed for 0.3 mg/g of kaolin concentration. For the sample ultra-sonicated for 10 min, flocculation was initiated at the concentration of 0.2 mg/g, and much broader (0.2 to 1.6 mg/g) flocculation window was observed and the optimum flocculation dosage was 1.4 mg/g. The maximum removal of the turbidity was also pH dependent and was achieved at concentration of 0.2, for pH 8, 0.4 for pH 10 and 0.8 mg/L for pH 9. The flocculation of kaolin induced by PDADMAC at pH 8 occurred from 0.2 to 2.0 mg/L whereas, pH 9 a very narrow (0.8-1.2 mg/L) flocculation window was observed and same was the case for pH 10. The largest floc size of aqueous suspensions of kaolin was observed at pH 10. From the flocculation of silica by PDADMAC it was observed that maximum removal of the turbidity was achieved for polyelectrolyte concentration as 0.2 mg/g of silica and flocculation zone was from 0.1 to 0.2 mg/g. The optimum doze was found to be 0.2 mg/g. As the concentration of the polymer was increased the number of the particles was decreased and size was increased due to formation of aggregates. For the sample having 60 min homogenization, flocculation started at the concentration of 0.2 mg/g, flocculation window, having the flocculation zone from 0.2 to 2 mg/g was observed. Though the overall impact of ultrasonication times had little impact but it was noted that for the samples homogenized for 10 min, flocculation started at the concentration of 0.3 mg/g and ended at 1.2 mg/g. However the optimum flocculation dosage became 0.6 mg/g indicated that ultrasonication played a very significant role in the flocculation of negatively charged particles. The maximum removal of the turbidity is achieved at the optimum conc of 1.4 mg/g, for pH 8 with the flocculation zone of 1.2 to 3.6 mg/g, 2.0 mg/g for pH 9 with flocculation zone of 1.2 to 4.0 mg/g and 2.4 mg/g for pH 10 having the flocculation zone of 1.2 to 4.4 mg/g of silica respectively. Further increasing the concentration of polymer the residual turbidity of the system increases, and restabilization of system occurs. Volume % of particle fraction remained almost constant in the absence of polycation and uni-model curve was obtained for all the pH values while it was significantly reduced after the addition of polymer and flocculation. From the above observations it was concluded that PDADMAC was a best flocculant for both of the pigments. However it showed better performance for silica rather than kaolin.