۔اخلاقی و معاملاتی تفہیم میں استفہامی اسلوب
قرآن مجید میں اللہ تعالیٰ نے متعدد مقامات پر انسان کی زندگی میں پیش آنے والے تمام امور کی طرف رہنمائی فرمائی ہے۔ چنانچہ قرآن مجید میں مومنین کی صفات بیان کرتے ہوئے فرمایا ہے کہ مومن لوگ عدل،اخوت، مساوات،دیانتداری،ایفائے عہد،سچ، وفاشعاری، امانتداری،ایثار الغرض زندگی کے ہر شعبے میں کتاب اللہ اور سنت رسول کے مطابق زندگی بسر کرتے ہیں، لیکن دوسری طرف شیطان ان بندوں کو ورغلاتا ہے، لہذا مومنین کو شیطانی ہتھکنڈوں سے آگاہ کرتے ہوئے استفہامی انداز میں بازرہنے کا حکم دیا گیا ہے۔
۱-سورة المآئدہ میں ارشادِ باری ربانی ہے:
"إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ ٱلشَّيْطَانُ أَن يُوقِعَ بَيْنَكُمُ ٱلْعَدَاوَةَ وَٱلْبَغْضَآءَ فِى ٱلْخَمْرِ وَٱلْمَيْسِرِ وَيَصُدَّكُمْ عَن ذِكْرِ ٱللَّهِ وَعَنِ ٱلصَّلاَةِ فَهَلْ أَنْتُمْ مُّنتَهُونَ"۔ [[1]]
"شیطان تو یہی چاہتا ہے کہ تمہارے درمیان شراب اور جوئے کے ذریعے سے دشمنی اور بغض ڈال دے اور تم کو اللہ کی یاد اور نماز سے روکے،پس کیا تم باز آؤ گے؟"۔
شیطان یہ چاہتا ہے کہ تمہیں شراب اور جوئے میں مبتلا کر کے تمھارے درمیان بغض و عداوت کی بنیادیں ڈال دے کیونکہ شراب کے نشے میں عقل نہیں رہتی گالی گلوچ ، دنگا فساد ہو جاتا ہےاور انسان غیظ و غضب کا شکار ہو جاتا ہے اسی طرح جوئے میں انسان اپنی ہار مان کر اس وقت تو نقصان اٹھا لیتا ہے مگر اپنے حریف پر غیظ و غضب اسکے لازمی اثرات میں سے ہیں۔یہ چیزیں نماز سے غافل کر دیتیں ہیں اللہ سے غافل،بے نماز کی آخرت تباہ اور روح مردہ ہے خلاف اس شخص کے جس کا دل اللہ کی یاد سے روشن اور نماز سے منور ہے،دنیا کے مال و...
Pakht┴n society has its own justice system which has different types of penalties and remedies to maintain the justice in the society. This study concentrates to investigate the nature of pecuniary punishment’s practice in distressing issues like killing, civil injuries and criminal offences. Perpetrators are punished to resolve the disputes. On one hand, this paper aims to find out answer to the methods of inflicting decisions in Pakhtan’s cult and on other hand, to shed light on the legal status of arbitration regarding resolving such issues in the light of Qur’an and Sunnah. Study results illustrate that in some cases the offenders are charged in term of money to facilitate the victims, while in other cases both of the parties, perpetrators and victims, are called upon on meal for reconciliation of their dispute. Besides this, sometimes it is observed that the offenders are not only awarded pecuniary punishment but they are exiled as well.
PhD The present research entitled “Development of a Distance Education Model for Enhancement of Literacy in Pakistan” was conducted in view of the poor literacy condition in Pakistan. They main objectives of the study included to analyze the past literacy programmes in Pakistan and to develop a distance education literacy model for Pakistan. To conduct the study population consisted of literacy instructors working in different districts of Punjab province of Pakistan, Executive District Officers literacy, personnel from the Department of Distance and Non-formal Education and Institute of Mass Education of Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad and EFA Wing Ministry of Education Government of Pakistan and adult illiterates living in the rural areas of Punjab province. For the selection of sample whole population of literacy instructors, Executive District Officers literacy, personnel from the Department of Distance and Non-formal Education and Institute of Mass Education of Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad and EFA Wing Ministry of Education Government of Pakistan was selected. Whereas 514 literacy VIinstructors and 630 adult illiterates were selected adopting the techniques of proportionate stratified sampling and convenient sampling respectively. For the purpose of data collection questionnaires and the structured interview schedule were used. Questionnaires developed on five point rating scale were delivered to literacy instructors, Executive District Officers literacy and personnel of Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad. But, personnel of EFA Wing and adult illiterates were interviewed. Moreover, two focused group discussion sessions were also arranged with the personnel from EFA wing and DNFE department of AIOU The study revealed that in the past literacy programme had been suffering because of financial problems, defective administration, inconsistency and misuse of the available resources. The adult learners were not properly motivated for literacy. There was no use of broadcast media or the motivational techniques to attract the illiterate people to the literacy centers. Above all there was no consistency in the literacy programmes because with the change in government these programmes were either abandoned or replaced. Due to centrally organized programmes these were poorly evaluated and did not meet the needs of the local community. As a result the literacy rate in Pakistan could no be raised to the desired level. Therefore, distance education is a useful alternative through which improvement in literacy situation in Pakistan can be brought about. It was recommended that adequate funding should be provided for literacy programmes along with making the administration effective. Moreover, some modern way for imparting literacy should be used rather than following the conventional methods. For this purpose the distance education mode was recommended by the researcher and a distance education model for enhancing literacy was proposed to be used in Pakistan.