شیخ الحدیث مولانا عبیداﷲ رحمانی
شیخ الحدیث مولانا ابوالحسن عبیداﷲ رحمانی ۵؍ جنوری کو رحلت فرماگئے، اناﷲ وانا الیہ راجعون۔ ان کے نام سے میں بچپن ہی میں آشنا ہوگیا تھا، میرے والد مسلکاً اہل حدیث ہیں، وہ جریدۂ اہل حدیث (امرتسر) اور رسالہ محدث اور اس مسلک کے بعض دوسرے رسالوں کے خریدار تھے، محدث مولانا نذیر احمد رحمانیؒ کی ادارت میں دارالحدیث رحمانیہ دہلی سے شایع ہوتا تھا، اس میں فتاویٰ اور مضامین مولانا عبید اﷲ رحمانی کے بھی برابر چھپتے تھے، میں ۱۹۴۷ء میں پرائمری درجات میں پڑھتا تھا، اس وقت ’’محدث‘‘ میری سمجھ میں کیا آتا؟ تاہم اسے پڑھنے کی کوشش ضرور کرتا، ایک روز والد صاحب نے اسے الٹتے پلٹتے دیکھا تو فرمایا کہ ’’میں تمھیں اسی مدرسہ میں پڑھنے کے لیے بھیجوں گا جہاں سے ’’محدث‘‘ شایع ہوتا ہے‘‘۔ مگر افسوس
آں قدح بشکست و آں ساقی نماند
جس سال میں مدرستہ الاصلاح کے درجہ چہارم عربی میں پڑھتا تھا اس سال میرے درجہ میں ایک نئے طالب علم داخل ہوئے جن کی طرف ہمارے استاد مولانا اختر احسن اصلاحی مرحوم بڑا اعتنا کرتے تھے، جب یہ کسی تعطیل کے بعد اپنے گھر سے مدرسہ آتے تو مولانا ان کے والد کی خیریت ضرور دریافت فرماتے، اس سے ظاہر ہوتا تھا کہ وہ ان کا بڑا احترام کرتے تھے، اس کی وجہ سے میرے دل میں بھی ان کے والد کی عزت و عظمت کا نقش ثبت ہوگیا تھا۔ ہمارے یہ نئے رفیقِ درس مولانا عبدالرحمن مبارکپوری تھے اور ان کے والد محترم کا نام شیخ الحدیث مولانا عبید اﷲ رحمانی تھا جو خود بہت ممتاز عالم اور سیرت البخاری کے مصنف مولانا عبدالسلام مبارکپوریؒ کے صاحبزادے اور ترمذی شریف کی مشہور و مقبول شرح تحفۃ الاحوذی کے مصنف مولانا عبدالرحمن مبارکپوری نوراﷲ مرقدہٰ کے خاص تربیت یافتہ تھے، وکفیٰ...
The present study investigates how English language learning interacts with the gender identities and roles of female learners at the University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan. Who learns what and how, is influenced by the learners’ gendered and sexualized identities (Pavlenko, 2004). Language learners have to navigate power relations within the classroom and their specific communities and develop understanding of their limitations and opportunities within these communities. Institutional practices and gender ideologies inhibit their access to networks which in turn affect their linguistic output and interactional opportunities. Within Interpretive epistemological framework eight female learners of final year (fourth year) Linguistics studying at IELL were interviewed and observed twice during one year to gather data for the present study. From the data it appeared that Pakistani females’ access to linguistic resources is mediated by cultural norms and societal expectations. Throughout their academic journeys the learners’ agency remained active due to which they were able to invest in their ESL learning and challenge socially imposed identities on them.
In the present study, investigations were made to find the changes in different physical and chemical parameters of three wheat varieties (Lasani-08, Faisalabad-08 and Sehar-06) infested by varying levels of stored grain mites (Rhizoglyphus tritici). Results showed that significant variations were observed in physico-chemical characteristics, mineral profile, amino acid profile and fatty acid profile of three wheat varieties. Mite population was significantly increased and reaches upto 7513 mites in Lasani-08 after six months in the treatment initially treated with twenty pairs of mite. Maximum decrease in the thousand kernel weight was observed in Lasani-08 out of all the three varieties after six months of storage which was from 38.50g in control to 26.07g in treatment with maximum number of mites. Wet and dry gluten were also found decreasing with increasing infestation of stored grain mites in three wheat varieties. Wet gluten ranged from 22.65% in T3 after six months to 31.74% in T4 after one month in Sehar-06, while dry gluten ranged from 6.17% in T3 after six months to 9.92% in T4 after one month in Sehar-06. Moisture content was found increasing with increasing mite population after different storage periods in three varieties. Maximum moisture was observed in Lasain-08 after six months of storage in the treatment initially treated with twenty pairs of mites that was 18.13%. Crude protein and crude fat were found decreasing in three varieties and ranged from 10.03% after six months in T3 of Faisalabad-08 to 14.43% after one month in T4 of Sehar-06 and 0.52% after six months in T3 of Faisalabad-08 to 1.38% after one month in T4 of Faisalabad-08, respectively. Fiber and ash content showed a significant and positive correlation with mite population. Fiber ranged from 1.03% after one month in T4 of Lasani-08 to 4.30% after six months in T3 of Sehar-06. Ash ranged from 1.23% after three and six months in T4 of Lasani-08 to 3.60% after six months in T3 of Sehar-06. Maximum decrease in NFE of Sehar-06 was observed after six months in the treatment having maximum mite population (T3) that was 62.12% from 65.64% in control. Flour quality parameters such as falling number, water absorption, dough development time, dough stability, mixing tolerance index and softening of dough showed significant and negative correlation with mite population. Iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn), Copper (Cu), Calcium (Ca), Potassium (K), Sodium (Na), Magnesium (Mg) and Zinc (Zn) in different wheat varieties were found increasing with increasing mite population after one, three and six months of storage, although this increase was just a proportion increase due to the depletion of other contents in grains. Different amino acids were found decreasing with increasing mite population in three wheat varieties after different storage periods and exhibited negative correlation with mite population. Different fatty acids were found decreasing with increasing mites infestation. After different storage periods Capric, Myristic, Palmitic and Palmitoleic ranged from 0.05 to 0.18%, 0.07 to 0.19%, 12.25 to 16.25% and 0.15 to 0.40%, respectively while Stearic, Oleic, Linoleic and Linolenic ranged from 0.21 to 0.62%, 12.15 to 15.90%, 55.33 to 59.82% and 4.80 to 7.50%, respectively under different treatments. Conclusively, it can be inferred that stored grain mites infestation deteriorate the quality of stored wheat.