پہلے ہزار سالہ مسلمان سیرت نگار کا اجمالی جائزہ

What was written on Sýrah-un-Nabiﷺ. No doubt reveals that the pioneer collectors of Sýrah -un-Nabiﷺ, vast sea with infinite depth. It is said about the Holy Quran that "ہبئاجع ی ضقنت لا" “its miracles are countless”, similarly the different aspects of Sýrah -un-Nabiﷺ will illuminate before us, regarding its greatness and significance. It is revealed after the study of Sýrah-un-Nabiﷺ that this authentic composition of S Sýrah-un-Nabiﷺ came into being after the pain stacking efforts of the Sýrah writers. Every saying, act, advice, character, manner and trait, speech of Holy Prophet ﷺ is brighter than the sun and moon. The Sýrah -un-Nabiﷺ writers with their efforts and devotion presented before Ummah such a standard and methodology of refinement and research-a distinction and hallmark of composition and compilation of Sýrah -un-Nabiﷺ -which was followed by the Sýrah -un-Nabiﷺ writers from time to time. The actual sources of Sýrah -un-Nabiﷺ are ﷺ Quran and Hadith. Companion protected hadith as Khulfa-ye-Rashideen (Caliphates) protected Quran.

Indigenous Model of Higher Education Reforms in Pakistan: Higher Education Quality Assurance Initiatives

Quality of higher education is believed to be one of the most important aspects of human resource development, creation of knowledge and social uplift in a country. Higher education institutions in general and policy institutions including Higher Education Commission of Pakistan in particular are realizing their increasing role in national uplift through improving quality of higher education. Purposes of this study are manifold: to explore types of quality improvements, reforms and initiatives that took place in higher education in Pakistan since its inception; to review available quality assurance models for higher education institutions that contribute in continuous quality improvement in HEIs. Furthermore, primary data are collected in order to determine the attitude and perceptions of faculty members, senior academicians and administrators towards quality improvement practices in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). Moreover, the intention is to explore the status of implementation of quality assurance practices and their implications on the institutional performance in the context of higher education. Also, the study develops constructs that can contribute to the continuous improvement in the quality of higher education. Finally, Indigenous Quality Assurance Model for HEIs is developed in this study which is believed appropriate and applicable to address quality of higher education in the country. The findings of this research will be useful in order to address the quality assurance issues at multiple levels: national policy, HEIs management and various stakeholders including faculty members. The components contributing in continuous quality system improvement in HEIs are addressed at length. Finally, the model developed in this work can be used at all the levels addressed above for quality assurance purposes