ڈاکٹر عبدالعلیم
افسوس ہے پچھلے دنوں ڈاکٹر عبدالعلیم صاحب کا۷۱ برس کی عمر میں انتقال ہوگیا اور تدفین علی گڑھ کے یونیورسٹی قبرستان میں ہوئی۔ مرحوم نے جامعہ سے بی۔اے (آنرز) کیا، پھر برلن سے پی ایچ ۔ڈی کی ڈگری لی۔ لکھنؤ یونیورسٹی میں اسلامی تاریخ اور کلچر کے برسوں لکچرررہے۔،ڈاکٹر ذاکر حسین مسلم یونیورسٹی کے وائس چانسلر ہوئے توان کویونیورسٹی میں عربی کے ریڈر کی جگہ پرلے آئے۔ چند برس کے بعد پروفیسر ہوئے،پھراسلامک رسرچ انسٹیٹیوٹ قائم ہواتواس کے ڈائرکٹر یہی ہوئے،پروفیسر شپ سے سبکدوش ہونے والے تھے کہ یونیورسٹی کے وائس چانسلر مقرر ہوئے، یہ مدّت ختم ہونے کو تھی کہ اُردو ترقی بورڈ کے چیرمین ہوگئے۔ اس عہدہ پر؟برس کی مدت پوری کرنے کے بعد گزشتہ ماہ جنوری میں ایک برس کے لیے مزیدتوسیع ہوئی تھی کہ ۱۷؍ فروری کوپیغامِ اجل آپہنچا۔ اِنَّا لِلّٰہِ وَاِنَّ اِلَیْہِ رَاجِعُوْنَ۔
مرحوم اول درجہ کے نیشنلسٹ اور فرزندانِ جامعہ وعلی گڑھ میں بھاری بھرکم شخصیت کے مالک تھے۔اردو کے ترقی پسند ادیبوں میں اُن کوایک نمایاں اور امتیازی مقام حاصل تھا۔ لکھتے بہت کم تھے ،مگر جو کچھ لکھتے شگفتہ اوردل نشین لکھتے تھے۔ اخلاق وعادات کے اعتبارسے بڑے شریف، خلیق، ملنسار اور ہمدرد و غم گسار تھے، غریبوں اور ضرورتمندوں کی مدد بڑی فیاضی اور جرأت سے کرتے، یہاں تک کہ قاعدہ وقانون اورضابطہ و آئین کی پروا بھی نہیں کرتے تھے۔نہایت باوضع اوررکھ رکھاؤ کے انسان تھے۔ مرحوم جامعہ ملّیہ کی تاریخ کاایک باب تھے، وہ ایک شخص نہیں بلکہ ایک داستان اورایک کہا نی تھے۔ حیف کہ اب یہ کہانی ختم ہوگئی،اﷲ تعالیٰ مغفرت فرمائے۔ [مارچ ۱۹۷۶ء]
*یاَیُّهَا الَّذِیْنَ اٰمَنُوْۤا اَطِیْعُوا اللّٰهَ وَ اَطِیْعُوا الرَّسُوْلَ وَ اُولِی الْاَمْرِ مِنْكُمْۚ* On a wide scale There is a need for an ideal leader and his leadership. If a believer talks about leadership, he will only have the concept of Islamic leadership. To which the verses and hadiths indicate, in this category there will be leaders and leaders who will be able to lead their supporters and followers towards physical and spiritual development. All kinds of leadership were given to the Prophet ﷺ. Whatever qualities he had within him were of a perfect level. The principles of Islamic guidance that the Prophet ﷺ had explained were followed by the Companions and the pious people and any leadership in the whole universe that we see. have also adopted it in full stubbornness, they emerged as the Ameerul Momineen and Caliphate of the Muslims of that time, and the principle of following the leadership of the Prophet ﷺ, an Islamic state and society, equally for both Muslim and non-Muslim minorities.While the principles and laws of the current situation are completely opposite. The question is what are the goals and demands of the leadership of the present age and how is prophetic leadership helpful in the improvement of the current leadership?Are following the principles of leadership mentioned by Karim ﷺ? In the paper under discussion, contemporary leadership principles and their analyzes will be examined in the light of Prophet Muhammad keeping in mind the requirements of the time.
This dissertation addresses the problem of building collaboration in a team of autonomous agents and presents imitation learning as an effective mechanism to build this collaboration. Imitation learning involves learning from an expert by observing her demonstrating a task and then mimicking her. This mechanism requires less time and technical expertise on behalf of domain experts/ knowledge engineers and makes it convenient for them to transfer knowledge to a software agent. The research extends the idea of a demonstration to multi-human demonstrations and presents a framework of Team Learning from Demonstration (TLfD) that allows a group of human experts to train a team of agents via demonstrations. A major challenge faced by the research is to cope with the overhead of demonstrations and inconsistencies in human demonstrations. To reduce the demonstration overhead, the dissertation emphasizes on a modular approach and enables the framework to train a team of a large number of agents via smaller numbers of demonstrators. The framework learns the collaborative strategy in the form of weighted naïve Bayes model where the parameters of the model are learned from the demonstration data and its weights are optimized using Artificial Immune Systems. The framework is thoroughly evaluated in the domain of RoboCup Soccer Simulation 3D which is a promising platform for a multi-agent domain and addresses many complex real-world problems. A series of experiments were conducted using RoboCup Soccer in which the agents were trained to perform different types of tasks through TLfD framework. The experiments were started with training a single agent how to score a goal in an empty soccer field. The later experiments increased the complexity of the task and the number of agents involved. The final experiment eventually trained a full-fledged team of nine soccer players and enabled them to play soccer against other competition quality teams. A number of test matches were played against different opponent teams, and the results of the matches were evaluated on the basis of different performance and behavioral metrics. The performance metrics described how well the imitating team played in the field whereas the behavioral metrics assessed how closely they had imitated the human demonstrations. Our soccer simulation 3D team KarachiKoalas served as a benchmark to evaluate the quality of the imitating team, and the dissertation closely compared the two teams and found that the team that was trained via imitation gave comparable performance to KarachiKoalas. The results showed the effectiveness of TLfD framework and supported the idea of using imitation to build collaboration among multiple agents. However, the framework, in its current form, does not support strategy building in an incremental manner in which a naïve strategy is learned via imitation and is refined in stages. The ability to build strategies incrementally can be a crucial requirement in complex systems. In future, the framework can be extended to incorporate the ability to refine an already learned strategy via human expert's feedback