فرنچ ایم ، پیری
مشہور ترک دوست فرنچ ایم، پیری لوطی، کی ۷۳ سال کی عمر میں موت کا تمام دنیا کو علم ہوچکا ہے، لیکن اس سے بہت کم لوگ واقف ہوں گے کہ اس کے مکان میں جاپانی، چینی اور ترکی وضع کے کمروں کے علاوہ ایک مسجد بھی تھی۔ (دسمبر ۱۹۲۳ء)
This research is conducted, in order to perceive the attitude of higher secondary level students of Sindh towards science. Students (Male = 448, Female = 648) belonging to higher-secondary level (Class-XI & XII) from Hyderabad division were surveyed. Students were divided in Urban (N=455) and Rural (N=641) groups accordingly. “Test of Science Related Attitudes” known as TOSRA, initially developed by (Fraser, 1978) was adapted and translated in Urdu as well, was used as the attitude measurement instrument. Internalk consistancey was checked with Cronbach’s alpha reliability test. After pilot study the test was administrated. Significant difference of the attitude towards science across the students was noticed based on their gender and their locale. The results show that, with small effect size, male students significantly scored higher on almost all of the attitude sub-scales of TOSRA as compared to female students. Interestingly, students belonging to rural areas significantly scored higher with medium effect size on all the attitude sub-scale towards science as compare to students from urban areas.
The present study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of Educational Technology in teaching learning process at B.Ed. level in teacher training colleges of Punjab. The objectives of the study were to find out opinions about awareness of Educational technology, existing facilities of educational technology components, use and problems in use of Educational technology in teacher training and to give recommendations to solve the problems involved in the use of Educational Technology. The population of the study was Principals, teachers and students of Government College for Elementary Teachers Punjab. Three questionnaires were prepared by the researcher and validated by experts. The questionnaires were based on likert scale. The questionnaires covered all the important aspects of Educational Technology.Data was analyzed with help of mean, percentage and standard deviation of each item. Four hypotheses were established to find out the difference among principals, teachers and students about awareness of Educational technology, existing facilities of Educational technology components, use and problems in use of Educational technology in teaching learning process. To explore differences between the means of two groups’ independent t-test was applied and one way ANOVA & Post hoc LSD was applied for exploring the difference among three groups. Major findings of the study showed that Educational Technology makes teaching learning process more effective.Educational Technology components are very beneficial while giving instruction but are very limited and only few teacher educators are capable to use these equipments. Results also showed that there is difference among principals, students and teachers about awareness of educational technology and existing facilities of educational technology components. Similarly there was also difference among teachers about use and problems in use of educational technology in teaching learning process. The study strongly recommends that to incorporate educational technology in teacher training institutions teacher must be given training for using Educational Technology in teaching learning process.Enough resources must be provided to teacher training institution for making teaching learning process effective.