اعلان نبوت سے پہلے حضورؐ کا عقیدہ اور ایمان
اعتراض نمبر۹۳
ما رگولیس کہتا ہے حضرت خدیجہ ؓ اور آنحضرت ﷺ قبل از نبوت ‘ دونوں سونے سے پہلے ایک بت کی پرستش کر لیا کرتے تھے جس کا نام عزیٰ تھا ۔ ( مارگولیس ۔امہات المو منین ۔۵۹)
۲ ۔انسائیکلو پیڈیا آف اسلام واقعہ غرانیق کے تحت متعدد الزامات تحریر کیے ، اس کے بعد کہا ’’ابتدائی اعتقادات کی جھلک اس طرح بھی نظر آتی ہے کہ عربوں کی طرح انہیں ( محمد ﷺ) بھی جن و شیطان پر عقیدہ تھا ۔ مکہ اپنے حرم کے ساتھ ان کے نزدیک بھی مقدس تھا جن کے تقدس اور رسوم کو انہوں نے اپنے مذہب میں باقی رکھا پھر ایک مرتبہ کفر کی طرف لوٹ جانے کی خواہش نے زور کیا جس پر جلد قابو پا لیا ‘‘۔
جواب: انبیاء اور رسل اعلان نبوت و رسالت سے قبل بھی صفات خداوندی سے آشنا ہوتے ہیں اور ذرا برابر انہیں ان صفات میں شک و شبہ نہیں ہوتا ارشاد ربانی ہے ’’ و لقد الھنا ابراہیم۔۔۔۔۔ عالمین‘‘۔ ’’ترجمہ ‘‘ بے شک ہم نے ابراہیم ؑ کو پہلے ہی سے ان کی شان کے مطابق رشد عطا کیا اور ہم ان کی استعداد کو پہلے سے خوب جانتے تھے ۔‘‘ یہ رشد کیا ہے ؟ سورہ الحجرات میں ہے کہ ’’ رشد قلب میں ایمان و اطاعت خدا وندی کی محبت اور کفر و فسق اور معصیت کی نفرت راسخ ہو جائے اس کا نام رشد ہے ۔ اس سے ظاہر ہے کہ سید نا ابراہیم ؑ ابتدا ہی سے رشد و ہدایت پر تھے یہی حال تمام انبیاء و رسل کا ہے ۔ آپ کا ارشاد ہے ’’ جب میرا نشوو نما شروع ہوا ‘ اس وقت سے بتوں کی شدید نفرت اور عداوت اور اشعار سے سخت...
This article is an attempt to judge various dubious concepts regarding usury (Riba) in order to legalize it in one way or another using some artful arguments inculcating into the minds as lawful sketch of usury providing its justifications and legality. Different dimensions have been explained analytically in the light of Islamic view point curtailing the misfit approaches after some essential discourse concerning Islamic injunctions about Usury. Some reasons and evidences have also been discussed against each doubt and suspicion denouncing what has been claimed unlawfully due to the role and impact of interest based economy about financial contract and Riba free economy, its various conditions regarding bank, currency, quantity, expediency, mutual willingness as well as applicable framework and paradigm
Jasminum samabac is one of the ancient fragrant flowers cultivated globally. In spite of ornamental purpose it is also cultivated for extraction of essential oil which is accredited as king of fragrance. As it contributes in beautification of any garden or public place extraction of valuable products so a tremendous potential for the development of essential oil industry based on this plant. The current investigation were conducted to evaluate the effect of 24-Epibrassinolide (EBL) on morphological, physiological, biochemical and reproductive behavior along with essential oil contents of Jasminum sambac. EBL was exogenically applied (foliar spray) in four concentrations i.e. 1, 2, 3 and 4 μM. 24-Epibrassinolide (EBL) having concentration 2 μM performed better in almost all attributes including essential oil contents as compared to rest of treatments. On the other hand, SCFE optimization experiment, T3=40 oC/ 100 Bar gave excellent results. Physio-chemical, yield attributes and chemical components identification through GC- MS was exhibited promising outcomes. Comparative efficacy of different essential oil extraction techniques was also assessed. Essential oil was extracted by Supercritical Fluid extraction (SCFE) and hydro distillation. An optimized protocol was established for the extraction of essential oil from Jasminum sambac through supercritical fluid extraction (SCFE) technique. This technique performed better as compared to hydro distillation. In Supercritical Fluid extraction (SCFE), CO2 was used as solvent for getting concrete oil. The concrete was processed to convert it to absolute oil. Jasminum sambac had concrete oil yield of 0.334%, whereas it had absolute oil yield of 0.021%. Physio-chemical studies of absolute oil were also conducted which indicated color as clear yellow to light brown, refractive index as 1.49, specific gravity as 0.964 and congealing point of the concrete as 20°C. Different chemical components contained in the essential oil were identified by GC-MS analysis. The maximum number of chemical components identified from single essential oil sample was 35. The present studies revealed that Jasminum sambac can be successfully cultivated on commercial scale in the country for the extraction of essential oil with promising results.