اردو شاعری میں مغربی تہذیب کا تذکرہ
ڈاکٹر عبدالمنان چیمہ
برصغیر پاک و ہند میں اسلامی تہذیب و تمدن رائج میں اردو زبان و ادب نے جان دار اور شان دار کردار ادا کیا۔ آج کل پرنٹ میڈیا اور الیکٹرانک میڈیا ہمارے معاشرے میں مغربی تہذیب و تمدن سرایت کرنے میں کلیدی کردار ادا کر رہا ہے ۔ یہ بات عیاں ہے کہ ٹی وی ، انٹرنیٹ ، موبائل استعمال کرنے کے بعد نماز، روزہ اور دین اسلام کی طرف رجحان کم اور شیطان کی طرف زیادہ ہو جا تا ہے یہی وجہ ہے کہ فارغ اوقات میں قرآن و حدیث کے مطالعہ کی بجائے فلم دیکھنے کو جی چاہتا ہے ۔ مغربی تہذیب و تمدن کی مصنوعی روشنیوں نے مسلمانوں کی نوجوان نسل کے ایمان کو راکھ کر دیاہے ۔ مغربی تہذیب کے پھیلاؤ نے نوجوان کی سوچ کو کیمو فلاج کر دیا ہے ۔اسلام کسی ایسی تہذیب و ثقافت اپنانے کی اجازت نہیں دیتا جو معاشرے میں فساد کا باعث ہو ۔ معاشرہ میں مغربی تہذیب کا قلع قمع کرنا وقت کی پکار ہے۔ عصر حاضر میں اسلام پر عمل پیرا ہو کر مغربی تہذیبی و ثقافتی یلغار کا مقابلہ کیا جاسکتا ہے۔ مغربی تہذیب و تمدن کا اثر ونفوذ سب کے سامنے ہے۔ہمارے معاشرے میں معاشی و سماجی نظام کا عدم استحکام سے دوچار ہونا اس کی جیتی جاگتی مثال ہے۔
ہمارے ملک میں انگزیر ی زبان و ادب اور مغربی تہذیب کا اثر و نفوذ بڑھتا جارہا ہے۔اردو زبان پاکستان کی قومی زبان ہے جس نے جنوبی ایشیا میں اسلام کی اشاعت و تبلیغ میں جاندار کردار ادا کیا ہے ۔ اردو ز بان و ادب کے فروغ سے مغربی طرزِ حیات کے بڑھتے ہوئے رجحان کا مقابلہ کیا جا سکتا...
Allah Himself has taken the responsibility to protect the Holy Quran and the Hadith of the Holy Prophet. He Himself has provided the sources of their protection. One of the means of the protection that was the creation of such a group of the Qura who not only served the Holy Quran but also provided worth mentioning services in Ahadith of the Holy Prophet. But their services are hidden from us. By Qura the researcher means those Qura whose recitation styles and narrations are studied and taught in the different quarters of the world who are known as Qura Saba & Ashra (سبعہ وعشرہ). They are ten imams each with two Ravi’s. They are thirty Qura in total. I have selected only last three Imam & their two narrators in this Article. These Qurra are known as Qurra Thlathah (قراء ثلاثہ). The services of these imams have been highlighted in the light of the following eleven Ahadith books. Sihah: Sahih Bukhari, Sahih Muslim, Sahih Ibn-e-Habban, Sahih Ibn-e-Khuzeema. Sunan: Sunan Abu Dawud, Sunan al-Tirmidhi, Sunan al-Nasai, Sunan Ibn Majah, and Sunan al-Kubra. Masaneed: Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal, Musnad Abu Ya`la al-Mawsili. How many people have reported them and what is the standard of the weakness and soundness of those narrators have also been discussed in this article. Besides these books of Ahadith, these Ahadith have been searched in other books of Ahadith also. The status of these Qura has been explained in the light of the commentary of Muhadithin. Whether Ahadith critics have declared them thiqa or weak or have declared them as average sadooq. The most important thing is that there is no one weak reporter in these imam qura. Two out of three imam qura are ranked as thiqa and one sadooq. And among the narrators of these qura one is thiqa, one sadooq, and nobody are weak reporters. There is silence about the remaining four reporters of these qura. The reason is that there is no hadith reported from them. Because of all this their religious and scholarly authenticity could be determined. The narrations of these thalathah (ثلاثہ) Qura are confined to reporting the Holy Quran but they have also reported about every part of fiqh and they have been utilized and refered to
The current study aims to investigate the role of emotional problems in the context of emotion related outcomes which includes emotional intelligence, empathy, regulation, and expressivity. Further, in order to examine the relationship between emotional problems and emotional outcomes, this study also aims to figure out the moderating role of personality traits. For this purpose, a sample of (N = 1000) adolescents was enlisted from different areas of the Punjab province (Pakistan) by using purposive sampling technique. For data collection, Urdu version of the scales having determined psychometric properties such as School Children Problem Scale, Big Five Personality Inventory, Emotional Intelligence Scale, Emotional Empathy Scale, Emotional Expressivity Scale, and Emotional Regulation Scale were used. Data was analyzed by using SPSS software version-21. Descriptive statistics, simple linear regression and hierarchical multiple regression were used for hypotheses testing. The findings of current study revealed that emotional problems significantly negatively predicted emotional intelligence (B = -.39, p < .01), emotional empathy (B = -.50, p < .01), emotional regulation (B = -.43, p < .01), and emotional expressivity (B = -.36, p < .01). Moderated multiple regression analysis revealed that personality traits did not play moderating role between the emotional problems and emotional intelligence (p > .05). Neuroticism (B = - .09, p < .01), openness to experience (B = -.18, p < .001) and conscientiousness (B = - .11, p < .01) did not reveal any association among the variables. However, they have played moderating role to determine the association between emotional problems and emotional regulation. In addition, Neuroticism (B = -.12, p < .01) played moderating role between the emotional problems and emotional empathy which has determined the link between two variables. Moreover, no moderating role of personality trait was found between emotional problems and emotional expressivity (p > .05). On the basis of gender and institution, findings on demographic differences did not indicate any difference in (t = 1.32, p > .05), socioeconomic status (t = 1.13, p > .05), family system (t = 1.27, p > .05)(t = 1.08, p > .05), and emotional problems. However, results of residential status (t = 2.34, p < .05) discovered that adolescents living in urban areas exhibited more emotional problems than adolescents belonging to the rural areas.