دروازہ
دہلیز پہ بیٹھی ایک بڑھیا چہرے کی جھریاں سہلا رہی تھی
اس کی دھندلائی آنکھیں بیتے دنوں پہ نوحہ کناں تھیں
جیسے یادوں کی آگ آنسوئوں سے بجھا رہی ہو
نحیف ہاتھوں میں وقت کا تحفہ تھامے
ڈھلکتے آنچل سے بے خبر نجانے کن دنیائوں میں گم تھی
اپنی صدا سے دور کئی صدائوں میں گم
دھندلی آنکھوں سے ماضی میں جھانک رہی تھی
وہ دل کش چہرے اور حسین منظر
کچی دیواریںاور کھلے در
Adl and Qisṭ is indeed a manifestation of God’s mercy, rather, it may also be seen as a principal objective of Shariʿah. The origin or sources of administration of justice in Islām are the Quran, Sunnah of the holy Prophet, consensus of opinions of the jurists of Islamic jurisprudence and Analogy (Qiyās). Justice is a sacred obligation of supererogatory. It is obligatory upon the Muslim rulers to appoint judges for the dispensation of justice to attain equality, to protect the human rights from their violation, to safeguard the lives and properties, and to maintain law and order in society. As a judge is supposed to accomplish a very important and noble task being a regent of Allāh, hence, some vital merits and criteria regarding the conditions and qualifications for the appointment of the Qāḍī or judge in the light of the Qur’ān, Sunnah and Islamic jurisprudence and the code of conduct for the Pakistani judges must be observed at all costs. The author of this paper has discussed these conditions and qualifications in this article. There are some unanimous conditions for the appointment of judges, while some others are not agreed upon. While presenting the difference of opinions of the Islamic jurists, the author tried to explain, reconcile the opinions and at some places presented her own view in the light of her analysis and arguments. These conditions are around thirty, but the author according to her own discretion chose some of the most important ones to discuss in this paper.
Classroom management practices at early childhood education (ECE) level are different from higher levels of education. ECE is the base of whole life and effective classroom management practices can play a vital role in all aspects of children development. It is therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the classroom management practices of early childhood teachers (ECT) working in Urban and rural area of Punjab. The study was descriptive in nature and survey research method was used to collect the data from ECT. District Gujranwala from the Punjab was selected on the base of convenient sampling technique. For survey, 320 early childhood teachers from urban and rural public schools of district Gujranwala were selected randomly. The data were collected through questionnaire from ECE teachers. The researcher personally visited respondents; response rate was 100 %. The questionnaire was divided in the three parts according to the classroom management practices. There was significant difference found between urban and rural area teachers about students learning performance and classroom (p<0.05). No significant difference was found between urban and rural area teachers in case of structure and environment of classroom management and behavior in classroom (p>0.05). It was concluded that there is a need for empowerment of teachers for management of their classrooms. Teachers should be given the opportunity to identify their own needs and should explore innovative ideas and information. It is important for teachers to possess and develop a set of skills to perform their task effectively. Furthermore, they should also think about their classroom management practices. Finally, recommendations were put forward based on the major findings to facilitate effective classroom management practices.