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برصغیر میں عقلیت پسندی Rationalism

Thesis Info

Author

سعدیہ خالد

Supervisor

غلام علی خان

Program

MA

Institute

University of the Punjab

City

لاہور

Degree Starting Year

2000

Language

Urdu

Keywords

حجیتِ حدیث و سنت اور متجددین , عقل و تحریک عقلیت

Added

2023-02-16 17:15:59

Modified

2023-02-16 22:08:49

ARI ID

1676731959774

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باز آتے ہی نہیں لوگ دغا کرنے سے

باز آتے ہی نہیں لوگ دغا کرنے سے
رُکتا کب مَیں ہوں بھلا پھر بھی وفا کرنے سے

اس طرح ہاتھ مرے آئی بقا کی دولت
ذات میں تیری مجھے خود کو فنا کرنے سے

رنج مٹ جاتے ہیں دردوں کو شفا ملتی ہے
دور ہو جاتی بلائیں ہیں دعا کرنے سے

نہ کریں میرا بھلا یار بھلا نہ سوچیں
کوئی روکے نہ مجھے اُن کا بھلا کرنے سے

میری عادت ہی نہیں شکوے شکایت کرنا
دور رہتا ہوں میں تائبؔ جی گلہ کرنے سے

ریاستی پائیدار ترقی اور مذہبی رواداری کا اسلامی تصور : ایک تحقیقی جائزہ

For the development of the interior Nation tolerance, peace, prosperity, ethical and spiritual development is very necessary. Islam is the religion of peace and safety. There is no scope for oppression and aggression in Islam. In Islam sustainable development is a process in which real income and per capita income of country increase as well as self-esteem, freedom of action and religious activity also increase. People should make best use of country’s means of production to create better conditions than the past. A great harden in society’s development is religious prejudice. Religious tolerance means to treat the follower of other religious without hurting their feeling and without any mistreatment just because of their views. We should not hate other religious and their follower although we do not agree with their philosophies and views. We should accept and fulfil their rights as human beings which God has bestowed with high status. We can understand breadth and depth of tolerance by the saying of Holy Prophet. In twenty-one century Europe ideas of tolerances have different meaning than Islam. This paper provides a literature review on this subject in the light of Holy Quran and Seerah of Holy Prophet.

Devolpement of Genetically Engineered Mustard Brassica Juncea for Low Viscosity Biodiesel Production

Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) is a member of the Brassicaceae family that is now becoming a global crop because of its drought tolerance, high oil content, short growing season and the ability to grow on low quality soils. The present study was aimed to reduce the viscosity of Brassica juncea oil by altering the fatty acid profile, via developing efficient and simple Agrobacterium mediated based tissue culture and floral dip methods of plant transfermation. For optimization of regeneration protocol, cotyledon explants of the Brassica juncea CV- Raya Anmol were cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP), (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 μM) alone and in combination with 1μM of Gibberellic acid (GA3) and Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) separately. Maximum calli production (87%) was observed on MS medium containing 4 μM BAP only. The highest shoot induction efficiency (92%) was observed on medium supplemented with BAP (4 μM) and NAA (1 μM). For rooting, Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) (6μM) and Kinetin (Kin) (1μM) was found as the best combination. A binary vector containing the EaDAcT (E.alatus diacylglycerol acetyltransferase) gene under the transcriptional control of a glycinin promoter and with a basta selection marker, was introduced into A. tumefaciens strain GV3101 via electroporation. An efficient tissue culture and In planta transformation was developed for B. juncea. In tissue culture transformation, cotyledon explants were used while for floral dip, plants at early stage of flowering with and without vacuum desiccator were used. The basta resistant putative transgenic plants were selected and further confirmed by PCR. The vacuum infiltration was found more efficient (0.85%) as compared to the normal floral dip method (0.15%).The developed transgenic B. juncea seeds showed altered TAG fatty acid composition with enhanced level of oleic acid (from 41% to 63%) and reduced eurcic acid level (from 13.7% to 2.53%), which is an ideal composition of fatty acids in oil to be used as biodisel. The developed protocols could be used to accumulate unusual acTAG in B. juncea seed, providing a direct way of biodiesel production from plant oil. Such results will be useful for the development of B. juncea as an alternative source of energy.