تاویل نصوص کی شرعی حیثیت

The two fundamental sources of Islam are the Qur’an and Sunnah (Life) of the Hope Prophet (peace be upon him). Rulings and Legal interpretation are based in light of these two sources, and these two sources are used to determine the correct way of living. Some rulings are clear cut and explicit without any need for interpretation, while other rulings are not so clear cut and are very vague and open to multiple interpretations. Sometimes, in order to understand these vague rulings, there is a need to use different construed methods of interpretations, so that these commandments can become easier to understand and explain. The meaning of construed here is to use those interpretations which is not used commonly in order to explain the verse of life style of the beloved messenger. However, this is not something that any average human being can do, rather one must be a scholar of the highest caliber and have expertise in the field of interpretation. Additionally, the construed interpretation must be valid according to the principles of interpretation, and must have been used before in a previous interpretation. One other thing to note here is that there are many different types of taweel i.e construed interpretations. Some are correct while others are incorrect. This is why it is important to know and understand the correct use of construing and non-construing interpretations in the field of Islamic jurisprudence, so that one can differentiate between the two. Another tragedy of today is that every person thinks that they should and do have the ability to interpret the Qu’ran and the Sunnah on their own, and without any expertise in interpretation, come up with and begin to interpret the Qur’an on their own. This results in wrong interpretations, which not only misguides the individual, but countless others as well. This is a fact that the many different sects in Islam considered deviant by the majority, they all have begun with incorrect and deviant understandings and interpretations on the sacred texts in Islam.

A Study of a Head Teachers Perceived and Performed Roles in a Community School in Karachi

Understanding a head teacher's role as an educational leader is mostly a neglected area, especially in developing countries, including Pakistan. Most of the head teachers perform managerial and administrative roles, and very little time is given to academic leadership, which negatively affects the quality of education in the schools. I conducted a study to understand a head teacher's perceived and performed role in a community school located in Karachi. In order to understand the head teacher's different dimensions of the role, a qualitative approach was used. Data was gathered through a variety of methods including, interviews, classroom observations, discussions, and document analysis, to cross- check information for triangulation purpose. The findings suggest that the head teacher perceived her role as that of a facilitator, team builder and change agent. She also acted as an instructional leader and a manager. These role dimensions indicate that the head teacher acts as an educational leader by giving professional support to teachers, by enriching the curriculum, creating close relationships with the community and by creating a collaborative learning environment at school. There seems harmony, to some extent, between the head teacher's perceived and performed roles, however, some challenges have affected the head teacher's role. These challenges include workload, ambiguity of head teachers' role and teachers' turn over. On the basis of the study findings, some recommendations have been put forward that might help the head teacher to further enhance the understanding of her role as an educational leader in the school.