میرااستاذ
دنیا کے اندر مختلف نسل، مختلف قوم، مختلف مذاہب ،مختلف رنگ اور مختلف نظریات کے لوگ رہائش پذیر ہیں، ہر ایک اپنے اپنے نظریے، اپنے اپنے مذہب ، اپنے اپنے رسم و رواج اور اپنے اپنے طریقہ کار کے تحت ایام ِزیست گزار رہا ہے ، معاشرے میں فلاحی ورکر کا اپنا کردار ہے، اسمبلی کے ممبر کا اپنا کردار ہے، کرسی عدالت پرمتمکن منصف ذیشان کا اپنا کردارہے، ایماندار تا جر کا اپنا کردار ہے، ہنر مند فنکار کا اپنا کردار ہے، دولت مند ساہو کا رکا اپنا کردار ہے، ہوشمند اداکار کا اپنا کردار ہے، سرحدوں کے محافظ کا اپنا کردار ہے ، تہجد گزار عابد کا اپنا کردار ہے، اطاعت گزار ساجد کا اپنا کردار ہے، جامع مسجد کے خطیب کا اپنا کردار ہے، اچھے مصنف اور ادیب کا اپنا کردار ہے،’’ یعنی ہر گُلِ را رنگ و بوئے دیگر است‘‘ ہر پھول کی خوشبو اور رنگ علیحدہ علیحدہ ہے لیکن ان میں جس بات پر اتفاق ہے وہ یہ ہے کہ کوئی ذوی العقول اور حیوان ناطق ایسانہیں کہ جس کا کوئی نہ کوئی استاد نہ ہو کوئی رہبر ورہنماء نہ ہو، کوئی ہادی ومرشد نہ ہو!۔
شومیکر اگر جوتا بنا تا ہے تو اس میں بھی کسی استاد کا ہاتھ ہے، ٹیکسٹائل مل کا مالک اگر کپڑابنتا ہے تو وہ بھی استادکا مرہونِ منت ہے، تا جر ہو یا صنعت کار ، پٹواری ہو یاتحصیلدار ، اکاؤنٹنٹ ہو یا بینکار ، مزارع ہو یا جاگیردار ، زمیں پر چلنے والا ہو یامحو پرواز یہ سب کے سب ٹیچر اور مدرس کے لگائے ہوئے نخل ہیں جواب سروقد ہو چکے ہیں۔ ان سے جہالت اور بے علمی کے خس و خاشاک کو صاف کر کے محنت اور مشقت کا پانی دے کر پروان چڑھانے والی اگر اللہ تعالیٰ کے بعد کوئی ذات...
Court Marriage means a marriage that a wise and mature boy & girl performs only by mutual consent to court and performs some legal requirements without permission of their parents. Due to distance from religion, misuse of media, co-education, vulgarity and male female freely intimacy, in our Islamic society the trend of this marriage is increasing every day. The process of giving more proof of this marriage by judicial decisions and some religious circles has also played an important role in promoting it. Mostly, the result of this is girls run from their homes, parental insult, and destruction of their own lives, public disturbance and social disorder. Today’s need was that in a neutral way this important social issue should be discussed and by giving independent research, the issue of parents’ permission for marriage, particularly for the girl, should be presented in the light of Islamic teachings and in this regard different opinions of the scholars should also be analyzed. So on one side, where the importance of parent's role in marriage will be highlighted, on the other hand, we can be protected from social destruction, ruination of the family system and public disturbance. The following article is presented in detail on this subject.
This project is dedicated to fabricate and characterize the four different series of cubic spinel structure and then deposit two series of their thin films on silicon substrate. These series associated with the general formula Ag xCO1-x Cr0.5 Fe1.5 O4 , ZnxCO1-x Cr0.5 Fe1.5 O4, CdxCO1-x Cr0.5 Fe1.5 O4 and CuxCO1-x Cr0.5 Fe1.5 O4 where(x=0, 0.2, 0.4 0.6, 0.8, 1.0) employing the ceramic route method. After studding the fabrication and characterization of bulk ferrites, the thin films of AgxCO1-x Cr0.5 Fe1.5 O4 and ZnxCO1-x Cr0.5 Fe1.5O4 on Si(100) substrate have been deposited by Pulsed Laser Deposition technique using Nd-YAG laser having (wave length of 248 nm at a fluence of 2.5 J/cm2 and repetition rate of 20 Hz) to improve the magnetic properties. The deposition parameters like substrate temperature, target to substrate distance, post annealing are kept constant. The analytical techniques X-ray diffractrometer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope, Vibrating sample magnetometer, UV-visible spectroscopy, inductor capacitor resistor meter, Ellipsometry Spectroscopy and Atomic force microscopy are used to characterize them. The main focus of the recent work is on transition metals (Ag+2, Zn+2, Cd+2, Cu+2) doped cobalt chromium spinel ferrite due to their technological and potential applications like switching, data storage and recording media. The basic aim of this research work is to enhance the magnetic and optical properties by varying the doping concentration of transition metals. The importance of miniaturization of electronic circuits has increased the demand of thin films fabricated with new materials with better magnetic and optical properties. Previously no work has been published with theses composition; we want to fabricate such type of materials that have soft magnetic properties which have some saturation magnetization with the moderate coercivity. To achieve this goal first we have doped 25% of chromium (3mB) in iron to dilute the magnetic moment of iron (5 mB). After that select some non-magnetic with zero (mB) and the materials have less magnetic moment to control the magnetic and optical parameters. It has been observed that in first two series AgxCo1-xCr0.5Fe1.5O4, ZnxCo1-xCr0.5Fe1.5O4 the value of saturation magnetization is very low and coercivity is almost zero by doping of nonmagnetic ions and prepared ferrites become super-paramagnetic after that in CdxCo1-xCr0.5 Fe1.5O4 and CuxCo1-xCr0.5Fe1.5O4 both saturation magnetization andcoercivity enhanced with the substitution of least magnetic moment ions. The band gap is narrow for the doping of non-magnetic ion and becomes wider with replacement of least magnetic ions in the composition. As in bulk silver and zinc doped cobalt chromium ferrite have the weak magnetic properties. It has been tried to induce the magnetic properties in these materials with the help of thin films, because in thin films these properties may improve due to their shape and deposition parameters. The thin films of silver and zinc doped cobalt chromium ferrite have enhanced magnetic properties and narrowing the band gap energy as compare to their bulk ferrite. In zinc doped thin film the magnetization and coecivity is higher than silver doped ferrites. So, these thin films are proposed to use in the applications of high density recording media, refrigeration, bio separation etc.