5۔شرعی و قانونی ماہرین کی قلت
حدود و قصاص قوانین کے لیے جس طرح کے ماہرین درکار ہیں ، وہ بہت کم یاب بلکہ نایاب ہیں ۔ نفاذ اسلام کے لیے مختلف شعبوں میں جس طرح کے ماہرین درکار ہیں ، اس طرح کے ماہرین تیار کرنے کا پاکستان میں کوئی جامع انتظام نہیں ہے۔ اگر آج ایسی حکومت برسراقتدار آ جائے جو سو فیصد اسلام نافذ کرنا چاہے تو معاشرے میں بہت زیادہ دینی جذبہ رکھنے والے تو مل جائیں گے لیکن بینکاری کے حوالے سے بینکوں کے جدید نظام اور شریعت کے احکام میں ماہر افراد شاید انگلیوں پر بھی نہ گئے جاسکیں۔ ایسے کتنے وکلا ء ہیں جو دنیا میں قانون سازی اور قانون دانی میں ماہر مانے جاتے ہوں اور شریعت میں ان کی مہارت بھی مسلّم ہو اور ان کی زندگی اسلامی تعلیمات سے عبارت بھی ہو۔ یہی حال ہمارے معاشرے میں دیگرشعبوں کا ہے
یہ ایک ایسا پہلو ہے جس پر جتنی جلد توجہ دی جائے اتنا ہی ضروری ہے ۔ جب تک ایسی ٹیم تیار نہیں ہوگی اور مطلوبہ افراد میسر نہیں ہوں گے ، یہ کام نہیں ہو سکتا۔ قانون سازی اور اسلامی عدالتوں کے قیام کے لیے جوں جوں کام شروع ہو، افراد بھی تیار ہوتے جائیں گے ، ادارے بھی بنتے جائیں گے اورعملی طورپر کام بھی ہوتا چلا جائے گا۔
The determinants of child marriage are triggered by complex social, economic, cultural, political and legal disparities. This research method used a cross sectional study. The research sample was 192 women who were married in 2018-2019 in the Campalagian District. This study aims to determine the effect of the age of marriage on the health of ibn and infants in the District of Campalagian. Chi-square test was used to analyze data. The results of the bivariate analysis showed that the age of marriage had an effect on the health of the newborn (p value = 0.003). However, the age of marriage on maternal health during pregnancy, maternal health at delivery, use of contraceptive methods, service standards for birth weight, and support from husbands do not have a significant effect. After conducting bivariate analysis using moderator variables, the results showed that. There is an effect of the age of marriage based on the age of the husband (p value = 0.017) and the husband's education (p value = 0.024) on maternal health at delivery. There is an effect of the age at marriage based on the husband's age (p value = 0.023), the wife's education (p = 0.008), and the husband's education (p = 0.009), on the health of the newborn. It can be concluded that the age of marriage has an effect on the health of the mother and baby and/or if it includes the age and education factors of both the respondent and the partner.
Organotin(/V) complexes with the general formulae R"SnL4''n and R,,sn2L,, ( R= alkyl, L = monomethyl glUlarate, monomethyl phthalate, monomethyl (2-phenyl gllllarate) and SchifJbases of2-aminophenol and salicylaldehyde) have been prepared. These complexes have been synthesized by the reaction of organolin(lV) halides with ligand in the presence of a base. Further, some diorganolin(iV) complexes have been synthesized by the reaction of organotin(lV) oxide with the ligand. The reaction Is carried OUi at the reflux temperature of benzene while water formed during the reaction is cont/nuously removed by means of a Dean alld Stark apparatus, The reactioll of organotln(lV) oxides with organic acids is more economical and gives beller purities as the reaction of organotin(lV) haUdes with organiC acid, in the presence of a base. These complexes have been characterized by elemental analyses and molar condut''livily The chemical bondings in these complexes have been discussed in terms of their JR. i 11-, and il9Sn-NMR, mass and I19Sn-lvfossbauer spec/ral studies, The I II and 1JC chemical shift assignments of the organotin moiely are straightforward from the mulliplicity and illlensity pal/ern, whereas the ligand skelelons were assigned by multiplicity pal/ern and I or resonance inlensilies of signals as well as their coupling conSlanls, The alkyl groups aI/ached to the Iin(l~J atom have been assigned by Ihe comparison of experimental chemical shifts with those calculated from incremelllal methods or compared to Ihe liIeralUre dala, The monomeric I: 1 complexes have trigonal bipyramidal geometry with equilorial organic groups. the dimeric /, complexes have ocl(liledr(ll geometry while complexes derived .from a Schiff base of 2-aminphenol and salicylaldehyde have tetrahedral geometries. Mass spectrum analyses reveallhal Ihe primary decomposition is due 10 the loss of a ligand in case of diorganotin(l V) complexes along with Ihe successive elimination of a C02 molecule while in Iriorganotin(IV) complexes Ihe primary decomposition is due /0 the loss of an alkyl group along with Ihe elimination of a CO, molecule, III The geometry assigned 10 Ihese complexes is well supported by infrared and Mossbauer silldies, All these complexes, soluble in DMSO and DMF have been screened against a wide spectrum of bacleria (Bacillus sublilh Slapholococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Schigella flexenari, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella typh) and fungi (C.copsici, C.glocosporiodes, A, brassicico/a, A, bra5sicae, !/. graminium, The ALDso values have been determined with albino ralS, Some oflhe complexes exhibited very high anti-inflammatory activities, The cylostalic activity of the complexes has been assayed aga/nsf the established cell line KB, which has been derived from a human oral epidermoid carcinoma, The results obtained are qllile promiSing Overall, triorganotin(lV) derivatives exhibit signt{icanlly beller activilies than fhe diorganolin(JV) complexes,