سرشانتی سروپ بھٹنا گر
افسوس ہے پچھلے دنوں سرشانتی سروپ بھٹنا گراور پنڈت کشن پرشاد کول، ملک کی دونامور شخصیتوں نے وفات پائی اور ملک ان کی خدمات سے محروم ہوگیا۔اول الذکر ہندوستان کے نامور سائنٹسٹ تھے۔ کیمسٹری اور فزکس میں بین الاقوامی شہرت کے مالک تھے، آزادی کے بعد سے ملک میں جو صنعتی ترقی ہوئی ہے اور سائنس نے جو فروغ پایا ہے اس میں سرشانتی سروپ کابہت بڑا حصّہ ہے۔پھربڑی بات یہ ہے کہ وہ مرزا غالبؔ کے محبوب شاگرد اور دوست منشی ہرگوپال تفتہ جن کو مرزا نوشہ محبت میں مرزا تفتہ کہاکرتے تھے ان کے نواسے تھے اور انھوں نے اردو شعروشاعری کاذوق ورثہ میں پایا تھا۔ چنانچہ وہ اُردو کے صاحب دیوان شاعر بھی تھے۔مشاعروں کی صدارت بھی کرتے تھے اور اپنے دوست احباب کوجن میں شامل ہونے کا فخر راقم الحروف کوبھی تھا،اپنے اشعار بڑے مزے میں سناتے تھے۔ سائنس اور شاعری کے لطیف امتزاج اورخاندانی روایات کے باعث وہ ہماری گذشتہ تہذیب اور کلچر کے سچے حامل اورعلم بردار تھے۔ اب ان کی وفات سے جو خلا پیدا ہوگیا ہے اس کاپُر ہونا مشکل ہے۔
[ فروری ۱۹۵۵ء]
Jesus of Nazareth is the central figure of the Christian religion, a savior believed to be both God incarnate and a human being. He is also known as Jesus Christ, the term “Christ” meaning anointed or chosen once. Most of the details of his life are unclear, and much of what is known about his life comes from the four Gospels of the Bible. The Gospels tell the story of Jesus’s auspicious birth in a stable in Bethlehem, and then of his life as an adult, a teacher with miraculous powers who foretold his own death to his closest followers, called apostles. Jesus, betrayed by the apostle Judas, was crucified by the Romans, and his resurrection three days after his death was taken as proof of his divinity. The date of Jesus’s birth to Mary is celebrated each December 25th as Christmas Day. The occasion was used as the base year for the modern Christian calendar, though researchers now believe that earlier estimates were inexact and that Jesus was actually born between 4 B.C. And 7 B.C. The date of the crucifixion is now marked as Good Friday, and the resurrection celebrated as Easter.
Various risk factors related to mastitis were evaluated to measure the incidence of mastitis including udder and teat shape, udder depth, udder configuration, tail length, dirty hid legs, teat canal length, milking techniques, breed, age, parity, lactation length, live body weight, teat end to floor distance, housing condition and milk leakage. Different teat shapes were recorded including pointed, round, bow and flat along with ulcerated injuries. Udder shape, teat lesions and higher teat diameter was associated with increase milk somatic cell. Results indicated that lower teat en to floor distance, cylindrical teat end shape, round and various factors teat length, high teat diameter, teat lesions, teat end to floor distance, milk leakage, number of attendants, frequency of culling, farms conditions, and housing conditions were the significant risk factors responsible for of mastitis. Overall, at all the livestock farms studied in the government or private sector revealed a prevalence of mastitis in 15.2% buffaloes and 19.4% At slaughter house 16 biotypes for E. coli, 11 biotypes for Streptococuss and 10 biotypes for Staphylococcus were recovered.. The total milk somatic cell count in both species (buffaloes + cows) and neutrophil population was significantly higher in mastitic than healthy animals. The results on histopathology for both cattle and buffalo revealed atrophy of alveoli celluar infilteration, cellular exudates in alveoli, connective tissue proliferation and disappearance of alveoli in udder tissues. Milk, the values for lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotranferase and sodium increased in mastitic than health animals. The values of potassium, phosphorous, calcium, magnesium, zinc and iron were decreased in milk samples from mastitic than healthy animals. Lesions on udder, teat shape, udder shape, use of oxytocin, calf suckling and hosing space showed significant difference between mastitic and healthy (cattle + buffaloes). A PCR based method by COA gene along with molecular typing by RFLP gave different sized products.