الأساليب النبوية في معالجة التطرف الديني

The existing study sheds light on the Shariah principles as laid down by the holy Prophet to eliminate the contemporary scourge of extremism. In fact, this scourge has won international significance which does not belong to a specific society, class, language or place. It is found in different forms in different societies. It is imperative for the formation of rules to curtail and exterminate in the light of the teachings of the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H.) which could accrue results having long-lasting impacts on religious affairs as Islamic Shariah emphasizes for broadmindedness to discourages its growth. Islamic Shariah has insisted upon avoiding every kind of extremism and fanaticism. It has further scared man from the effect of such extremism. To eliminate extremism, teachings of the Holy Quran and the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H.) be made common which teach us respect of mankind and protection of life and property. The last sermon of the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H.), which is the essence of the principles of his (P.B.U.H.) teachings, may be a foundation to provide guidelines for it. The following article is an attempt to streamline this address for the elimination of this scourge

Exploring Metaphors of Teachers Practices and Perceptions for Assessing Creative Writing Skills

The world is becoming a "Global village" in which English has become a tool to communicate across the borders. To maintain effective communication, it becomes necessary for the teaching and learning process to take account of language skills. When taking into account language skills, it becomes pertinent for teachers to keep an accountability check of a child's progress from the early years of schooling. Moreover, it is also significant to gain teachers' perceptions about assessment. For that the purpose of this study was to explore teachers' practices and perceptions for assessing creative writing skills in an EFL classroom at grades one and two in a private school through metaphors. Two teachers were selected as research participants along with work samples of six students, three samples from each class. Metaphors were used as a tool in this study to get teachers' insights about the assessment of creative writing skill through interviews. Along with that document analysis and classroom observations sufficed the data collection. Metaphors shared by teachers, were cooking and floating. Metaphors helped in extracting teachers' sub-conscious meaning which were evident in their practices. It was evident from the interpretation of teachers' metaphors; they had ambiguous ideas about continuous assessment. Teachers used a variety of continuous assessment tools such as observation, asking questions to name a few but without any developed insights. It was also revealed from the data gathered that teachers focused more on grammatical aspects of language. Though teachers practiced creative writing with students they were of a view that students are not creative. As a result, they took up the role of a transmitter and gave less space to students to be imaginative. This study suggests that English language teachers should be aware of the purposes and uses of continuous assessment in order to help students in an appropriate way for their effective learning.