مناهج المؤرخين المعاصرين في كتابة السيرة النبوية: شلبي وشاكر أنموذجا

This paper encompassed the methods of contemporary historians in presenting the Prophet's biography: Shalabī and Shākir as a model. The purpose of this research was a comparative study of the methods of two different contemporary writers in the field of biography. The method used for the research was comparative. This fact was established that there are very few contemporary historians who contributed in writing of the Prophet's biography, but although these two important historians were diligent researchers with good works and successful writings, but much that they have benefited from history needs and objected even settled facts like some of the correct aḥādīth and some important events that took place in the in reference no is there as (صلى الله عليه وسلم) Muhammad Prophet Great the of biography the books to the sources relied on in the historical narratives, nor in the narration of the biography. There are many shortcomings in the two books which are in the most important Islamic arts, especially in the Encyclopedia of Dr. Shākir, and special research and books should be devoted to the answers to the silence of such shortcomings, and there is a strong need to compose valuable books in response to the shortcomings of such sporadic encyclopedias. Special books in such art must be devoted to the important Islamic arts, and do not include a variety of subjects on general history. (صلى الله عليه وسلم) biography Muhammad s'Prophet the of art the inc

Adaptive Soft Computing Strategies for Abs Equipped Full-Car Active Suspension System With Seated-Passengers Biodynamic Virbrations Damping Control

Intheexistinghighlymechanizedandtechnologicallyadvancedsociety,thevehicleprovides a key means of communication. Vehicle ride is influenced by road surface roughness. Somedoseofunpleasantwholebodyvibration(WBV)transmittedintothehuman organs causes fatigue and discomfort. Low frequency WBV is injurious and prolonged exposures result in multiple health problems. Increase in vibration creates more health hazards thus reduces human performance. A score of experimental and analytical studiesonseated-driversexposuretolow-frequencyWBVhavedemonstratedintheexisting literature. However,thepublishedliteraturelacksintegratedbiodynamicmodeling. Verification of the models against various external road excitation profiles. And the use of advanced intelligent control strategies for vibration damping and the biodynamic response analysis. Today,theautomobilemanufacturersareconfrontedwithconflictingchallenges,atradeoff between ride quality, vehicle safety, stability, rattle space and wheels deflection limits. WBVdamping,therefore,hasattractedalotofinterestintherecentyears. Anumber of suspension models and control techniques are developed and implemented and few are still under consideration. The work presented in this thesis includes mathematical modeling of the nonlinear fullcar active suspension system with driver and passenger lumped seat model along with anti-lockbrakingsystem(ABS).Themodelingisextendedtovehicle-driverbiodynamic, vehicle-pregnant subject biodynamic and vehicle-driver-pregnant subject biodynamic with ABS and cornering models. These models incorporate all forms of the system motions and nonlinearities. An advanced adaptive NeuroFuzzy control is proposed and developed for vibrations damping and ride comfort improvement. An adaptive recurrent Fuzzy wavelet neural network(ARFWNN)controlalgorithmisalsoproposedtofurtherenhancetheridecomfort of the vehicle occupants.