قسط وار خرید و فروخت کے حکم کے متعلق فقہاء کرام کی آراء: ایک علمی جائزہ

In Islamic Sharia, the usury is prohibited while the trade has been allowed. This ruling is very clear and transparent in sources of Sharia. From the emergence of Islam many means of financing have been continuing which have got new shapes and names in modern ages. Among these contracts, one is sale in installments. This type of transaction is a part of modern financing in which the object is sold on the condition of payments in installments. The price of the object remains more than the cash payment. This concept has been discussed by the jurists and they have presented their different views about the sale in installments. In Islamic Sharia, the usury is prohibited while the trade has been allowed. This ruling is very clear and transparent in sources of Sharia. From the emergence of Islam many means of financing have been continuing which have got new shapes and names in modern ages. Among these contracts, one is sale in installments. This type of transaction is a part of modern financing in which the object is sold on the condition of payments in installments. The price of the object remains more than the cash payment. This concept has been discussed by the jurists and they have presented their different views about the sale in installments.

Intelligent Logical Error Detection and Mitigation Model for Python

Logical errors (LE) are the most common problem in overall programming languages. Logical fallacies are not shown as regular errors in the programming because their result is only different than planned and its detection is possible only by reviewing the code and determining the flaw. Each programming language (PL) has its logical error challenges on different hardware architectures. However, these models primarily focus on the software-based logical error solution and must integrate into the existing IDEs as an intelligent Unit. 90% logical error can be solved by the software and the rest by correcting hardware design or creating capability between hardware and software. Intelligent logical error detection and mitigation model for python (ILEDMP) is live logical error detection system which saves much time, energy, cost, efforts, enhances coding experience, increases productive, accuracy, memory preservation, additional resources usage, and processing power. These are other benefits of model besides detecting logical errors. Research goes further to enhance Software Design (SD), Software Quality Assurance, Software debugging, Software Security, and various additions to improve the coding ability for all kind of users. The tool is created in the python programming language (PL) and detects the python bugs. Spyder, Thonny, Eclipse Python (LiClipse), Win Python, Pycharm (Intellij Ultimate) and Wing IDEs are weak in detecting the logical errors. Though, Model has initially detected nine types of bugs with live error detection. Intelligent logical error detection and mitigation model for python (ILEDMP) are capable of all powers which python is offering it for its programs support in the computation.