منشی اقبال احمد
افسوس ہے کہ ۶؍ دسمبر کو منشی اقبال احمد صاحب بھی حرکت قلب بند ہوجانے سے انتقال کرگئے، وہ ماہر کاتب تھے، اپنی پوری زندگی دارالمصنفین کی خدمت میں گزاری، اس کی اکثر کتابیں ان ہی کے خط سے نکلی ہیں، اپنی خوشنویسی کی وجہ سے اترپردیش اردو اکاڈمی سے انعام بھی حاصل کیا، اب بصارت کی کمزوری کی بناء پر کتابت ترک کردی تھی، ان میں غرور و گھمنڈ نہ تھا، اپنی نرم اور شیریں گفتگو سے لوگوں کا دل موہ لیتے، اﷲ تعالیٰ ان کی بشری لغزشوں سے درگزر کرے اور انھیں اپنے سایہ رحمت میں جگہ دے۔
(ضیاء الدین اصلاحی، دسمبر ۱۹۸۸ء)
Christianity in itself is a reformative offshoot of Judaism rather than a separate faith. The massage of Jesus Christ was directed at Jews and Jew formed the core of his early follower. In his early stage he was respected, honored and welcomed by his jew community. But as soon as he projected the universalism of Torah (Pentateuch) and declared Judaism as Inclusive religion the community fell in hostility toward him and led him to crucify. In his early theology he gave the message of love, respect and tolerance to the light of a candle in room. The New Testament and it satellite portions unveil his and of his early followers teachings and their theological trend and behavior towards other nations and faiths. In this article the above mentioned teachings and theological policy of Jesus Christ and Saint Paul, an immediate stream him of Christianity has been abstracted from New Testament. It may help today’s Christianity to revise it religious teachings toward Islam and blasphemous behavior other religions and hence minimize the political tensions throughout the world.
Main purpose of the study was to search out the effect of Education Voucher Scheme (EVS) on academics and social skills of the students of class 8th. The study is an ex-post facto and co- relational in nature. Survey method was adopted to conduct the research. The accessible population of the study consisted of 8th grade students in two districts i.e. Lahore and Kasur. From these two districts, 17 schools were selected through random sampling. Data were collected from all available EVS students in these schools and research sample comprised of 504 students. The division of EVS and non-EVS students was 252 and 252. For academic achievement, 8th class result announced by Punjab Examination Commission (PEC) in 2012 was considered. Social skills like cooperation, assertion, flexibility, interpersonal skills, and self control were measured through a self developed rating scale named as Rabbani Social Skills Rating Scale (RSSRS). The instrument was close ended consisted of 35 Likert type statements on four point scale as (1 = never, 2 = occasionally, 3 = often and 4 = very often). The instrument was administered in class room situation. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. The results of the study showed that non EVS students were academically better as compared to their EVS counterparts. However EVS students showed continuous improvement in the academic as well as in social skills as they progress from class 6th to class 8th. The study showed that there is strong positive relationship between academic achievement and social skills both for EVS and non-EVS students. It was recommended that Government should increase the budget allocation to promote EVS programs and Punjab Education Foundation should make further efforts to improve the quality of instruction in EVS program in order to better address the educational and social needs of EVS students. The government should make certain arrangement to improve the parent education level.