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Home > اسلام اور دیگر الہامی مذاہب میں جہاد کا تصور دور حاضر میں انتہا پسندی اور دہشت گردی کے حوالے سے تنقیدی و تحقیقی جائزہ۔

اسلام اور دیگر الہامی مذاہب میں جہاد کا تصور دور حاضر میں انتہا پسندی اور دہشت گردی کے حوالے سے تنقیدی و تحقیقی جائزہ۔

Thesis Info

Author

………

Supervisor

محمد ثانیحافظ

Program

Mphil

Institute

Federal Urdu University of Arts, Sciences & Technology

City

کراچی

Language

Urdu

Keywords

اسلام , رواداری اور انتہا پسندی , مذاہب عالم , تقابلی جائزہ

Added

2023-02-16 17:15:59

Modified

2023-02-19 12:20:59

ARI ID

1676732461286

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المبحث الثاني: زواجها

المبحث الثاني: زواجها

 کانت بروین شاکر من عائلۃ دینیۃ ومن عائلۃ تتمسک بأصولھا وقوانینھا، وکانت من الشیعۃ، وعند ما علم والدھا بأنھا ترید الزواج من شخص یدین علی سنۃ النبي ﷺ فقد أحزنه ھذا الشيء، ورفض والدھا ذاك الشاب، فحاولت الشاعرۃ إرضاء والدھا ولکنھا لم تنجح في ذلك فأحزن الشاعرۃ ھذا الرفض وقد کسر قلبھا وأحست بالھزیمۃ، ولکن الوالد أصر علی أن تتزوج من الشخص الذي سیختارہُ الوالد وأصيبتِ الشاعرۃ بالمرض بسبب ھذا۔

 

 ثم تقدّم لھا الشاب ابن خالتھا الدکتور نصیر للزواج فوافق والدھا وجعلھا توافق ھي علی الزواج، فتم خطبتھا في 1975م وفي 14 اکتوبر 1976م تمّ الزواج والدکتور نصیر ھو ابن السید صغیر علي وکان یعمل في نظام القطار (والدھا کان یعمل في نظام القطار)، وکان مھرھا 14 ألف روبیہ، فحضر زواجھا من کبار الشعراء والشاعرات۔

استمرت الشاعرۃ في التدریس حتی بعد الزواج، وکانت لا تجید أعمال المنزل والطبیخ، فکانت تشاور شقیقتھا نسرین في کثیر من الأمور المنزلیۃ والطھي. وبعد الزواج لم تُغیر الشاعرۃ إسمھا (بروین شاکر) لأنھا کانت معروفۃ بھذا الإسم في الساحۃ الأدبیۃ والعلمیۃ واشتھرت دواوینھا أیضاً باسمھا (بروین شاکر)۔

 

وعاشت فترة من الزمن مع زوجھا نصیر عیشۃ ھانئۃ وکلھا سعادۃ وأفراح، وکان نصیر علي ضابطًا في الجیش برتبة نقيب، کانت بروین شاکر وزوجھا نصیر آنذاك في(ایبت آباد) ولکن کلما جاء إتصال من کراتشي أحسّ نصیر علي ببعض القلق، وکان یرید العودۃ إلی والدتہ لھذا قدّم استقالۃ من الجیش ورجع إلی کراتشي، ولکن بروین شاکر لم یعجبہا ھذا الشيء فأحست ببعض البعد والوحدۃ، ثم حصلت بعض المشاجرات بین الطرفین، فعادت الشاعرۃ إلی والدیھا لأنھا کانت لا ترید العیش مع والدۃ زوجھا، ولکن بعد فترۃ قصیرۃ حصل إتفاق بین الزوجین علی أن یعیشا مستقلين في بیتٍ صغیرٍ مأجورٍ، وخلال ھذہِ الفترۃ أنجبت الشاعرۃ...

A Comparative Study of Employees’ Perception Relating to Performance Appraisal Practices in the Public and Private Banking Sector of Sindh

Performance appraisal is a key human resource practice and source of a motivation for an employee and its success depends on justice perception of an employee towards performance appraisal system. Pakistani banking sector is playing a vital role in the economic growth of the country. Private Banks are innovative and effective in their approach as compared to the public banks. Past studies have compared the public and private banks and found that new private banks are more effective than public banks in terms of technical and economic efficiency. However, there are meager studies available in the context of justice perception of performance appraisal practices in the public and private banks. Data were collected through five-point Likert scale and analyzed with SPSS 24.0 versions. In the result difference of justice is measured by mean differences and independent sample t-test. However, it is found that employees of private banks perceive greater justice as compared to public banks. This study emphasizes the importance of fairness perception of employees in the context of performance appraisal practices and could be used to better understand the problems associated with appraisal practices in public and private banks.

The Effects of Internet Usage on Academic Performance of the University Students of Khyber Pankhtunkhwa K. P. Pakistan

The study aimed to identify the effects of internet use on the academic performance of university students in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. It further investigated the students‟ internet usage patterns, differences in the use of internet based on gender and discipline, level of internet use skills, and barriers faced in the use of internet. The study opted for survey method of quantitative research design. The data was collected through questionnaires administered to male and female graduate university students (M.A/M.Sc), selected through proportionate stratified sampling technique, in the five selected public sector universities: the University of Peshawar, University of Malakand, University of Mansehra, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan and Gomal University, D.I. Khan, in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The collected data was analyzed through Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS), 20th edition. The results were consolidated at the interpretation stage. The results regarding the students‟ internet use patterns demonstrated that they used the internet mainly for academics purposes, entertainment, communications, and keeping themselves up-to-date. However, they spent maximum time on the internet for entertainment purposes. Their internet use skills were satisfactory; however, some of their internet use skills needed improvements because majority of the respondents were using the internet without getting any formal training. Moreover, while they considered most of the internet resources to be effective, they were less satisfied with some of the essential-academic resources like free books, free online databases, free electronic reference material, indexes and abstracts, and thesis and dissertations. The main iv hindrances preventing the effective use of internet were identified as: inadequate knowledge of online e-resources; slow speed of internet; electricity shortage problems; negative attitude of society towards internet usage; and students being discouraged by parents from using the internet due to the availability of inappropriate content on the internet. The gender differences in the use of internet showed that males were more experienced and majority of them possessed personal PCs/laptops. Males were also highly skilled in computer problem solving and using HEC databases. Similarly, they had less computer anxiety and distance problem as compared to the females. On other hand while females were less satisfied than males concerning the use of Social Networks Sites and watching online movies/dramas/shows/photographs. They used these resources with greater frequency and spent more time on these resources than males. The males were more satisfied concerning the use of online academic resources and tended to spend more time on the internet for educational purposes. Thus, the male students used the internet primarily for educational purposes and while the female students used the internet for entertainment, communication and social interaction. The discipline wise differences in the use of internet showed that, in spite of the fact that majority of the students in Sciences faculties possessed personal PCs and had higher experience of internet use than Arts/Social Sciences and Management Sciences students; they still had low internet use skills, used educational internet resources less frequently, and were less satisfied than students in other faculties regarding the online educational resources. The findings necessitate enhancing the availability of online educational resources according to the students‟ indigenous information needs. v A relationship between students‟ internet use and their CGPA was discovered. It clearly indicated that the internet use for non-academic e-resources negatively affected the CGPA of the students. Thus, in order to improve the university students‟ academic performance, their use of academic e-resources, level of their satisfaction with these resources, use frequency of these e-resources and their internet use skills need to be improved. The findings of the study provided useful insight into the University students‟ internet use. The findings will help authorities (HEC and Universities) to understand the phenomena and align their policies to enhance the use of internet resources for educational purposes among students. It is also hoped that these finding will assist universities librarians and computer labs staff to design internet literacy curricula for not only students in the public sector universities in KP but also for the students studying in other universities of Pakistan. Furthermore, the recommendations for further research will also guide the future researchers to further explore this area. This doctoral research is a very important contribution to the literature on students‟ internet usage in higher education and will provide a basis to researchers interested in this area of study in Pakistan.