آہ ! مولانا ابولجلال ندوی مرحوم
کراچی سے یہ دکھ بھری خبر ملی کہ مولانا ابوالجلال ندوی، گزشتہ مہینہ ۱۰ محرم ۱۴۰۵ھ کو اﷲ تبارک و تعالیٰ کی آغوش رحمت کے سپرد ہوگئے، اناﷲ وانا الیہ راجعون۔ وہ دارالمصنفین کے علمی خدمت گزاروں میں تھے، ان کا آبائی وطن تو اعظم گڑھ ہی کا ایک گاؤں محی الدین پور تھا، تعلیم دارالعلوم ندوۃ العلماء میں پائی، وہاں کے بڑے لائق اور ذی استعداد طلبہ میں شمار ہوتے تھے، ان کی طرف حضرت استاذی المحترم مولانا سید سلیمان ندویؒ کی نظر اٹھی تو ان کو دارالمصنفین میں رفیق کی حیثیت سے بلا لیا، اور وہ یہاں ۱۹۲۳ء سے ۱۹۲۸ء تک رہے، انھوں نے یہاں رہ کر ہر قسم کے علوم و فنون میں بڑی گہری نظر پیدا کی، قرآن مجید، تفسیر، حدیث، رجال، فقہ، تاریخ اور ادب کے علاوہ وید، گیتا، اپنشد اور اس قسم کی ہندوؤں کی مذہبی کتابوں پر بھی ان کو بڑی دسترس حاصل تھی، وہ شاعر بھی تھے، اور کبھی کبھی شعر بھی کہہ لیا کرتے تھے، دارالمصنفین کے قیام میں معارف کے لیے حسب ذیل مضامین لکھے عربی زبان کا فلسفہ لغت (ستمبر ۱۹۲۳ء)، سر اکبر اپنشد داراشکوہ کا ترجمہ (دسمبر ۱۹۲۴ء؍ جنوری ۱۹۲۵ء)، اسلامی شمسی قمری سال نومبر ۱۹۲۵ء، دروزیوں کا مذہب (اپریل ۱۹۲۶ء) مستدرک حاکم کا مطبوعہ نسخہ (جولائی اگست ۱۹۲۶ء)، ان کو علم اشتقاق پر کتاب لکھنے کے لیے کہا گیا تھا، لیکن اس کو وہ پورا نہ کرسکے، ان کی طبیعت میں بڑا انتشار تھا، اسی لیے ان کا علمی فضل بھی منتشر رہا، جن کو وہ اس طرح سمیٹ نہ سکے، جیسا کہ ان کو کرنا چاہیے تھا، وہ دارالمصنفین سے مدراس چلے گئے، جہاں جمالیہ کالج کے لائق مدراس شمار کئے جاتے تھے، وہاں بھی ان کا بہت دنوں تک قیام نہیں رہا پھر ایک ہفتہ وار...
In fact, good health is the ultimate end of medicine for everyone through medical treatment. Islam does approve necessary measures to sustain good health. Thus its sustenance senses the subjects to avoid undue pains and sufferings. For this purpose medications and medical treatment is measured as a recognized tool in Islamic law. Therefore, this research paper reveals that numerous Muslim scientists worked on different branches of science, and hence the Muslim physicians execute one of the most complicated “eye surgery” almost six hundred (600) years earlier than the European physicians. Indeed, it is the Muslim scientists who discovered the ‘force of gravity’, ‘blood circulation’, ‘laws of motion’. Factually, they developed the ‘theory of evolution’, ‘differential and integral mathematics’ and many more in the field of science. Consequently, the words of Campbell in this regard are very important to note that: “the European medical system is Arabian not only in origin but also in its structure”, which signify that “Muslim scientists are directly responsible for the European renaissance”. Resultantly, this paper argues that ‘medical treatment is an obligation if one’s life is in danger’ since preservation and protection of life is one of the primary objectives of Shariah. Although, in extraordinary circumstances, seeking medical treatment is highly encouraged in Islam, and an ill person is supposed to pursue medical treatment because Allah almighty has made both the illness and the cure.
This study is done to achieve the aim of formulating microsponges containing CPM alone and in combination with cefexime as API. The microsponge drug delivery system (MDDS) is a porous polymeric system. These are tiny sponge like particles that consist of myriad of interconnecting voids within a non-collapsible structure with a large porous surface through which active ingredients are released in a controlled manner. In this study microsponges are prepared by using Eudragit RS 100 as polymer and PVA as emulsifying agent in different ratios with constant amount of CPM and cefexime. Quasi emulsion solvent diffusion method was used to formulate microsponges. Percentage yield, percent drug entrapment, flow properties including compressibility by Carr’s index, tapped bulk density, loose bulk density, Haunser’s ratio of these microsponges are calculated. From these studies it was shown that percentage yield increased with the increase in the polymer ratio and percentage entrapment was decreased with the increase in the polymer ratio. Results of Carr’s index and Haunser’s ratio indicate excellent flow properties of all microsponges. These microsponges are then characterized by FT-IR and SEM. In-vitro dissolution studies were carried out in USP dissolution apparatus at 50 rpm at 37±0.5 ͦ C. Release kinetic parameters indicated that formulated optimized microsponges were following the korsmeyer peppas release kinetic. All results of physicochemical parameters and characterization values indicate that the optimized CM9 of CPM containing and CCM9 of CPM-CEF containing microsponge formulations will be good for transforming it further into gels and subjected to different evaluation parameters analysis. Then CPM and CPM-CEF entrapped microsponges loaded gels CMG of CM9 microsponges and CCMG of CCM9 respectively by employing Carbopol as gelling agent and Propylene glycol (PG) and Polyethylene glycol (PEG-1000) as permeation enhancing agent. In-vitro studies were executed with the help of USP dissolution apparatus set at revolutions of 60 rpm and at temperature about 37±0.5 ºC. Release kinetic models depicted that formulated microsponges loaded gel was following the first order release model. In Franz diffusion cells, human skin membrane was used to determine the permeation effects. Fick’s laws were employed to compute permeation kinetic parameters such as Flux (J), Permeation Co-efficient (Kp), Diffusion Co-efficient (D), Enhancement Ratios (ER) and Input Rate (IR) of CMG are done. Preformulation studies of both CMG and CCMG were made through Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopic (FT-IR) records which illustrated absence of any drug-polymer interactions. All physicochemical distinctive features of gel such as viscosity, solubility, spreadability, mucoadhessive force, extrudibility, homogeneity, pH, partition co-efficient (Ko/w), Draize’s skin irritation test and stability studies at 25±0.5ºC and at 40ºC±0.5ºC were calculated. All results demonstrated that the CMG and CCMG will be favorable for further clinical trials evaluations.