غلام رسول مہرؔ
غلام رسول مہر صاحب کی زندگی کا آغاز صحافت سے ہوا، وہ ایک زمانہ تک اخبار زمیندار کے عملہ ادارت میں رہے، پھر مولانا ظفر علی خاں سے اختلاف کی بنا پر عبدالمجید سالک سے مل کر انقلاب کے نام سے اپنا مستقل اخبار نکالا، جو اپنے دور کا مشہور اخبار تھا، اس میں اور زمیندار میں نوک جھونک چلتی رہتی تھی، انقلاب کے فکاہات جو سالک صاحب کے قلم سے ہوتے تھے، خاص چیز تھے، اس کو لوگ بڑے ذوق سے پڑھتے تھے، مہر صاحب تنہا صحانی ہی نہیں تھے، ان کا علمی و تحقیقی ذوق بھی بلند تھا، انھوں نے حضرت سید احمد شہید بریلوی اور غالب پر بڑی مبسوط اور محققانہ کتابیں لکھیں، ان کے علاوہ بھی بعض چھوٹی چھوٹی کتابیں ہیں، دارالمصنفین سے ان کو خاص تعلق تھا، ان سے کبھی کبھی خط و کتابت ہوتی تھی، ان کی موت سے ایک نامور اہل قلم اٹھ گیا، اﷲ تعالیٰ ان کی مغفرت فرمائے۔ (شاہ معین الدین ندوی، دسمبر ۱۹۷۱ء)
To understand the commentary of the Holy Qurân is a complex matter. Since the time of Holy Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W) till date the commentators have come to interpret the Holy Qurân for general public so that they should not face any difficulty to understand it. The Muhadithen made a separate chapter for Tafseer. In 19th century Imam Alusi (R.A) wrote a detailed commentary of the Holy Qurân. In this article I will produce a brief introduction of Imâm Alūsī (R.A) and his Tafseer. This paper touches the methodology of tafseer of Imam Alūsī (R.A) and the principles adopted by him.
The core objective of this study is to provide a detailed analysis of the voting behaviour in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa with reference to 2008 general elections along with its comparison with 2002 and 2013 general elections. It focuses on the application of theory of party identification, issue voting, clientelism, religious voting and ethnic voting in the electoral politics of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Regarding the application of these theories, the study argues that party identification theory is applicable to limited extent (35.36%); issue voting (80.87%) and clientelism (73.01%) are applicable to a great extent; and religious voting (54.07%) and ethnic voting (52.2%) are applicable to some extent in the electoral politics of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The scope of the study is confined to Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Data collection is based on both secondary and primary sources. The secondary data in the form of books and journals, cover the theoretical frameworks including party identification, issue voting, clientelism, religious voting and ethnic voting. The primary data in the form of questionnaire is the original contribution of this study which explores the extent of the application of the aforementioned theories of voting behaviour in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The research is based on the quantitative, analytical and comparative approaches. This research work is the answer to the main research question i.e. to determine the extent of application of theory of party identification, issue voting, clientelism, religious voting and ethnic voting? The study is based on a number of hypotheses. It has been hypothesized that issue voting and clientelism are relatively more important determinants while party identification, religious and ethnic voting are relatively less important determinants of voting behaviour in the electoral politics of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The quantitative data answers the research questions as well as tests the hypotheses related to the electoral politics of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The general elections of 2002, 2008 and 2013 have a unique significance in the electoral history of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, because all these elections introduced a major electoral change. For example in 2002 elections, religious parties stood victorious with a heavy xxiimandate. But, in 2008, a Pakhtun ethnic party succeeded in winning majority of the seats, thereby wiping out religious political parties from the political scene. Similarly, in 2013 elections a new political party emerged on the political arena of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. All these electoral changes are of great importance and need to be analysed.