شمس پیر زادہ
افسوس ہے کہ جولائی کے اوائل میں جناب شمس پیرزادہ ممبئی میں حرکتِ قلب بند ہوجانے سے انتقال کرگئے، وہ کلیان میں ۱۹۲۷ء میں پیدا ہوئے تھے، یہیں ابتدائی تعلیم حاصل کرنے کے بعد انجمن اسلام بمبئی سے ہائی اسکول پاس کیا، بعض اساتذہ سے عربی بھی سیکھی۔ اس طرح مراٹھی، اردو، عربی اور انگریزی کئی زبانوں سے ان کو اچھی واقفیت تھی۔
جماعت اسلامی مہاراشٹر کے سربراہ کی حیثیت سے راقم ان کے نام سے بہت پہلے سے واقف تھا، لیکن ان کی علمی لیاقت اور تصنیف و ترجمہ کی صلاحیت کا اندازہ اس وقت ہوا جب وہ ۱۹۷۷ء میں ایمرجنسی کے بعد بعض اختلافات کی بنا پر جماعت اسلامی سے الگ ہوئے اور ادارۂ دعوۃ القرآن قائم کیا جہاں سے ان کی متعدد کتابیں شایع ہوئیں۔
قرآن مجید، احادیثِ نبویؐ اور فقہ اسلامی کا مطالعہ انہوں نے دقت نظر سے کیا تھا۔ دعوۃ القرآن کے نام سے کئی جلدوں میں عام فہم اور آسان زبان میں ایک تفسیر لکھی جو بہت مقبول ہوئی، حدیث میں ان کی کتاب جواھر الحدیث کو بھی قبولیت نصیب ہوئی، فقہ کے جدید مسائل پر انہوں نے متعدد رسائل لکھ کر اپنی فقہی و دینی بصیرت کا ثبوت دیا، ان کا تعلق اسلامی فقہ اکیڈمی سے بھی تھا جس کے سمیناروں میں وہ برابر شریک ہوتے اور ان کی رائے کا لحاظ بھی کیا جاتا تھا۔ پہلی بار میری ملاقات ان سے ہمدرد نگر دہلی کے سمینار میں ہوئی تھی، پھر بمبئی میں ملے تو اپنا ادارہ دیکھنے کی دعوت دی، وہاں گیا تو بڑی محبت و شفقت سے پیش ہوئے اور نہایت شوق سے ادارہ دکھایا۔
انہیں عربی سے اردو ترجمے کا اچھا ملکہ تھا، ڈاکٹر یوسف القرضاوی کی دو ضخیم عربی کتابوں الحرام والحلال اور رفقہ الزکوۃ کا سلیس و شگفتہ اردو...
Moral values are seen as the basis of human civilization. Absence of moral values and responsibilities results in the justification of every evil in the society, as it is the case being observed in the present-day societies in many parts of the world. A nation, whose collective morals are high, is capable to lead other nations, irrespective of caste, creed and religious affiliations. If a nation, Muslim or non-Muslim, ignores the high moral values, it cannot avoid its decadence and destruction. Due to this utmost importance of morality for humanity, Islām regards morality as one of the integral parts of the Divine Revelation. Islām aims to create a sense of moral responsibility in its adherents, so that, they may show a complete picture of an ideal society, and enjoy their freedom to carry out the best possible moral deeds. The author of this paper, chose to study the present moral crisis in the Pakistani society and tried to determine the causes, which has brought about this moral crisis and also presents its cure in the light of the Qur’ān and Sunnah. The study focuses on the following aspects: Definitions of moral values & society, Prevalent social evils in our society, Causes of crimes and social evils, Remedies to root out unethical practices and evils from the society, Conclusion and recommendations.
The aim of this research study was to measure the motivation of girls towards learning Science at the secondary school level. The data were collected from ten girls' schools, drawn from three towns of Karachi, Pakistan, through multi-stage random sampling in a cross-sectional survey. A 35-item questionnaire measuring six aspects of motivation toward learning science, that is, self-efficacy, active learning strategies, Science learning value, performance goal, achievement goal, and learning environment stimulation, was administered directly with 289 students over a period of three weeks, in February 2008. The data were analyzed to see the overall motivation of girls in Science and compare the motivational difference in three subjects; Physics, Chemistry and Biology, by using SPSS through descriptive statistics. My research questions were: 1. What motivates female students enrolled in 10th classes towards learning Science? 2. Is there any difference in the motivation of girls towards learning in Physics, Chemistry and Biology? Through descriptive statistics, that is, comparing mean and standard deviations, the results indicate that on average, the girls have high motivation towards learning science, and furthermore, their intrinsic motivation is higher as compare to their extrinsic motivation. The results also show that their intrinsic motivation is negatively influenced by their self-efficacy and learning environment stimulation. In addition, the comparison of the motivation of girls in Physics, Chemistry and Biology reveals that there is not a significant difference in the motivation of girls towards the three subjects. However, mean scores of girls in the three subjects indicated a slight difference; that is, motivation in biology (M= 3.9) is slightly higher than Chemistry (M=3.8) and Physics (M= 3.7). The results also indicated that the female science students have lower self-efficacy in Physics (M= 3.4), as compared to Chemistry (M=3.8) and Biology (M=3.9). Based on the findings of this study, the researcher recommends encouraging female Science students to enhance their self-efficacy towards learning Science, which has a strong impact on their motivation to learn Science. It is also recommended for the researcher to conduct further studies on Science students at different class levels in order to explore their motivational difference at each stage.