زبان کا غلط استعمال
اللہ تعالیٰ خالق ہے اور بقیہ تمام کائنات مخلوق ہے، کوئی فلکی مخلوق ہے، کوئی ارضی مخلوق ہے، کوئی فضائی مخلوق ہے ،مخلوق کا دائرہ کار وسیع ہے لیکن ان جملہ مخلوقات میں اشرف المخلوقات کا تاج اللہ تعالیٰ نے انسان کے سر پر سجایا ہے۔ انسان کو عظمت و رفعت بخشی، انسان کو بلندیوں کی معراج پر پہنچایا۔ اس کا سبب گوشت پوست نہیں تھا، اس کی وجوہات نفاست ولطافت نہیں تھیں۔ یہ اعزاز لحیم اور شحیم ہونے کی بناء پر ودیعت نہیں کیا گیا تھا۔ اس اعزاز کا سبب زبان بنی جواس کو دیگر مخلوقات سے متاثر کرتی ہے۔
انسان زبان سے تلاوت کرتا ہے، زبان سے نعت پڑھتا ہے، زبان سے راہ و ہدایت کی ترجمانی کرتا ہے۔ زبان سے کلمہ پڑھتا ہے، زبان سے اسلام کی تبلیغ کرتا ہے، زبان سے صداقت و دیانت کا اظہار کرتا ہے، انسان کی یہ صفات اسے حقیقت شناس انسان بنا دیتی ہیں، انسان کو معاشرے کے لیے انعام بنا دیتا ہے، اس کی عظمت کو چار چاند لگا دیتی ہے، یہاں تک کہ انسان کوفرشتوں سے بھی عظیم بنادیتی ہے۔ بقول حالیؔ:
فرشتے سے بہتر ہے انسان بننا
مگر اس میں پڑتی ہے محنت زیادہ
اللہ تعالیٰ نے قرآن پاک ِمیں ارشاد فرمایا کہ ’’لوگوں سے اچھے طریقے سے گفتگو کرو‘‘ قرآنِ پاک میں جس طرح نماز کے بارے میں حکم ہے، جس طرح زکوٰۃ کے بارے میں ارشادِ باری تعالیٰ ہے، جس طرح روزوں کے بارے میں حکمِ ربّانی ہے، بالکل اسی طرح زبان کے استعمال کا بھی ذکر ہے، نماز، روزہ، حج، زکوٰۃ اور دیگر عبادات کی بجا آوری سے جس طرح انسان کی زندگی میں نکھار آتا ہے اسی طرح زبان کے صحیح استعمال سے بھی اس کے جملہ لمحات ِزیست مرصعّ ومزیّن ہوجاتے ہیں، اور وہ اپنی زندگی...
This study specifically examines the implementation of gerojene in the custom of Kaili tribal marriage in terms of fiqh Munakahat. The problem raised was how to understand and implement gerojene according to the Kaili tribal wedding customary law. This research is based on the views of some cultural experts that tradition can be seen as an act and behavior that prevails in a society, both in the form of habits and rules that are worked on from generation to generation inherited from ancestors since time immemorial. The definition is that if it is associated with the Kaili tribe's marriage customs, namely gerojene, then what is meant is the actions and rules held in a marriage ceremony inherited from ancestors and have been held for a long time until today are still maintained and practiced in traditional wedding ceremonies the Kaili tribe in Central Sulawesi. This research data comes from secondary data in the form of theories quoted from books, research journals, fiqh munakahat, and other writings by quoting directly or indirectly. Primary data or data collected from the field of research. Primary data collection uses two types of methods. First observation. The researcher went to the research location. The location of this study was in two districts and one city. Donggala Regency, Sigi Regency and Palu City. This observation activity is to meet traditional Kaili figures. Both methods are in-depth interviews. This was intended to find out the understanding and implementation of gerojene customs in the Kaili tribe marriage through question and answer. The answers given will clarify the problem under study. Through this research, it is known that there are differences in the understanding and procedure for the implementation of gerojene in the Kaili tribal marriages of the past with the Kaili tribe today. The words gerojene were pronounced by the customary leader as the representative of the bride of the prospective wife. After that the prospective husband answered as his agreement. The end of this pledge of women and men has legitimately become husband and wife. This event must be attended by a mother father or representing men and women and witnessing traditional and family leaders.
This PhD dissertation reports design and analysis of Micro-Electro-Mechanical system (MEMS) based displacement amplification mechanism. The proposed displacement amplification mechanism has been designed and tested in three different configurations giving experimental amplification factors of 7.6, 16 and 16.14 respectively. The mechanism has been analytically modeled using kinematic and Direct Force Displacement Method. Numerical simulations are carried out by writing a code using MATLAB. Results are found in good agreement with that of the simulated results using FEM based software IntelliSuite® and experimental results substantiating the viability of this displacement amplification mechanism. Parametric analysis of the proposed mechanism evaluated the effect of different geometric parameters, hence finalizing the design geometry. The analysis predicts that length and the angle of flexure are the two key geometric parameters that significantly affect amplification factor and have direct relationship with length and inverse relationship with angle of micro-flexure. Natural frequencies and associated mode shapes of all three configurations of mechanism during free vibrations have been determined from modal analysis. Polysilicon based Multi-User MEMS Processes (PolyMUMPs) has been used for the fabrication of all micro displacement amplification mechanism prototypes. A micro mechanical probe station equipped with tungsten and acupuncture needles has been used to test the functionality of prototypes. The amplification mechanism can be incorporated with micro gripers for increasing displacement at jaw tip. Design and analysis of a variant of displacement amplification mechanism consisting of two configurations of designed amplification mechanisms having experimental amplification factor of 5.8 has been proposed. Thermal and static analysis simulations of configuration 3 of the designed displacement amplification mechanism incorporated with thermal chevron actuator and electrostatic comb drives have been carried out and results discussed in detail at the end.