پہلی گل
پاکستان ایئر فورس دی ملازمت دے دور ان رسالپور اکیڈمی دے وچ جس ویلے میں ایم۔اے پنجابی کیتا تے دل وچ ہک کرلاٹ پے گئی۔کیوں کہ پنجابی ادب بندے نوں ورثے وچ ملیا سی۔والد صاحب حافظ قرآن تے درویش منش آدمی سن۔تے پنجابی دیاں کتاباں ،ہیر وارث شاہ،سسی پنوں،یوسف زلیخا،مولوی غلام رسول،کافیاں بُلھے شاہ،کافیاں شاہ حسین،سی حرفی سلطان باہو تے بوٹے گجراتی دیاں سی حرفیاں،تے دائم اقبال دائم دی کتاب سیف الملوک وغیرہ پہلے ہی گھر وچ مو جود سن۔ایس واسطے زیادہ تر سی حرفیاںتے بارہ ماہ ۱۹۹۴ئ،۱۹۹۵ء وچ ای لکھے گئے۔
وقت گزر دار ہیا تے ۲۰۱۸ء وچ بندے نیں ایم۔فل اردو کیتا تے اردو ،پنجابی وچ لکھن دا شوق پیدا ہویا۔بقول وارث شاہ:
’’بجھی عشق دی اگ نوں وا لگی،سماں آیا ای شوق جگاونے دا ‘‘
پنجابی غزلاں زیادہ تر ۲۰۱۸ تے ۲۰۱۹ وچ لکھیا ں گئیاں۔کتاب دا ناں’’دکھاں دی پنڈ ‘‘میرے اپنے ذہن دی پیداوار اے۔دنیاں دُکھّاں تے مصیبتاں دا گھر اے۔دنیا تے بھانویں کوئی جیڈا وی سکھی ہووے ،کوئی نہ کوئیدکھ ہر اک نوں ضرور ہوندا اے۔سیانے آکھدے نیں’’دکھاں توں بعد ای سکھ ملدے نیں‘‘۔جے دھپ ہے تے چھاں ہے،جے رات ہے تے دن ہے،جے ہنیرا ہے تے چانن ہے۔پھل بڑے نازک تے خوشبوواں دیون والے ہوندے نیں پر کنڈیاں توں خالی نہیں ۔ایس واسطے سکھاں دا صواد وی دکھاں توں بعد ہی اوندا اے۔
’’یار میرا جے دکھ وچ راضی، میں سکھ نوں چلھے پاواں‘‘
جے بندے نوں کوئی وی دکھ نہ ہووے تے وقتِ نزع تاں گیا ہی کدائیں نہیں۔
ساڈے با بے آدم نوں رب نے جنت وچوں کڈھ کے تے زمین تے چا سٹیا۔گویا جنت وچوں نکل کے ہک قسم دے دوزخ وچ آ گئے،تے نال ہی’’دکھاں دی پنڈ ‘‘سر تے آ گئی۔اﷲ پاک نے اپنے ساریاں پیاریاں پیغمبراں نوں دکھ دے کے آزمایا۔وصل دیاں لذتاں وی ہجر فراق...
Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to determine the impact of IASTM on musculoskeletal soft tissue injuries.
Materials and Methods: In order to find terms like "instrument," "assisted," "soft tissue dysfunction AND wrist, back, elbow, knee, ankle and foot", "interventions AND IASTM," studies from conception to December 2021 were systematically analyzed across seven electronic databases: Medline, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Scopus, PEDro, and Web of Science. The inclusion criteria for the systematic review were thus met by (n=14) randomized controlled studies.
Results: IASTM treatments are associated with both short and long-term pain reduction and improved functioning. IASTM was discovered to have a short-term favorable effect on the functioning of patients with soft tissue injuries.
Conclusion: It was established that IASTM had a short-term positive impact on the functionality of individuals with soft tissue injuries in different body regions. Future researches should focus on acquiring information about long-term effects using credible evidence.
The exposure of crops to a variety of fungal and bacterial diseases leads to their huge losses both in quantity and quality. Different strategies are being adopted to control of these diseases among which the use of chemical pesticides is a common one. But the health risk due to chemical exposure is being associated with this common method. The application of biological control antagonists (BCAs) can provide a positive plus promising alternative to chemicals. Many mycelial fungi and bacteria have proved to be good antagonists against several plant pathogens, but less literature is available, in contrast, for the use of yeasts as biological antagonists. This study was an effort to evaluate the biocontrol efficiency of indigenous endophytic yeasts associated with healthy plants against different root rot pathogens. Hundred yeast strains were isolated from different vegetative parts of healthy plants belonging to seven genera. Out of hundred yeasts tested, sixty-nine isolates showed inhibitory effect during in vitro assay against Fusarium solani, F. oxysporum, and Macrophomina phaseolina, to varying degrees. Maximum inhibitory effect against root rotting fungi was observed by yeast strains KUAY-17, KUAY-34, KUAY-62. Out of hundred yeast isolates, sixty-nine isolates repressed the mycelial growth of the three tested fungi viz., Fusarium solani, F. oxysporum and Macrophomina phaseolina. No yeast was effective against Rhizoctonia solani during in vitro testing. KUAY-34, 62 and 66 caused maximum inhibition of F. solani while F. oxysporum was greatly suppressed by KUAY-9, 25, 34, 38 and 62. Mycelial growth of M. phaseolina was restricted greatly by KUAY-5, 9, 34 38 and 62. Eleven yeast isolates showed 100% nematicidal activity against second stage juveniles of root knot nematodes after 48 hours, while other strains killed the juveniles to varying degrees. Out of 15 isolates tested for Indole Acetic Acid production, 2 yeast isolates produced maximum concentration of IAA in vitro, whereas, all the tested yeast isolates exhibited the phosphate solubilization property. The effective yeast strains were subjected to testing for their biocontrol activity in screen house experiments using Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) and Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) as test crops. The yeasts were able to inhabit the roots of test crops when applied externally to plants in sterilized soil. They significantly enhanced the growth of tested plants. In soil, having naturally infestation of root rotting fungi, the application of endophytic yeasts not only reduced the incidence of pathogens but also promoted the plant growth. Out of 17 tested yeast isolates, 4 isolates, viz., KUAY-5, KUAY-17, KUAY-34 and KUAY-62 exhibited great potential of reducing fungal pathogens along with the promotion of plant growth both in screen house experiments as well as under field conditions. The combined treatment of yeasts and neem cake had positive impact on plants growth and on the suppression of fungal pathogens. The application of yeast isolate KUAY-62 also increased the nodulation in the roots of mungbean plants. A notable increase was observed in the phosphorus uptake and antioxidant activity in the plants treated with endophytic yeasts. Induction of Systemic Acquired Resistance (SAR) in the plants have an imperative role in fighting with pathogens. In the current study, the application of endophytic yeasts improved the status of phenolic compounds and salicylic acid in the test crops which contributed towards the obliteration of pathogens and promotion of plant growth under field conditions.