أبو الأحرار محمد محمود الزبيري وخدماته الأدبية

Renowned Yemeni poet and freedom fighter Muhammad Mahmood Al-Zubairi, also known as the father of freemen, born in Sanna in 1910 in a middle class family. He was one of  the Yemeni iconic revolutionaries who opposed the Imamate. He took part in the revolution in 1962, bringing about Yemen’s transition from a monarchy to a republic. He was one of the founders of the movement of liberals and the leader of opposition against the Imam’s rule. This led to his persecution and he suffered destitution and exile outside his country, settling finally in Pakistan where he had opportunity to translate the poetry of Pakistan’s national poet, Muhammad Iqbal into Arabic. Finally, in 1962, when the revolution against the Imam erupted in Yemen, he went back to his country and became the minister of education. He fallen victim to the royalist forces in 1965 and has been regarded since as one of the Yemen’s most acclaimed martyrs. Al- zubairi published several collection of poetry. In 1978, a volume of his collected poems was published entitled Diwan al-zubairi. His work  reflects a real originality of themes, ideas and method of treatment. This article discusses the literary work  of Abu Ahrar Muhammad Mahmood Al-Zubairi.

Health Care Organization of Afghan Refugees and Host Population in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: A Servant Leadership Assessment in 2012

Two Health Care Organisations (HCOs) were assessed in this research; HCO 1 for Afghan refugees and HCO 2 for Pakistani citizens, residing in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan. The level of Servant Leadership (SL) being practiced in these organisations was assessed. The two organisations were analysed separately, followed by their comparative analysis. The study explored the organisational strength and weakness, association of seven demographic factors with SL, the gap in perception between the leadership (top leadership and management) and workforce, and association of job satisfaction with SL. Finally, the level of ease-to-reform these organisations was analysed. Methods It was a quantitative research, which used a pre-designed, self-administered instrument – Organisational Leadership assessment (OLA) – to record the perception of the employees about the practice of servant leadership in their respective organisations. 574 employees (HCO 1: 200; HCO 2: 374) were selected through a stratified random sampling technique. Results It was found that the HCO for Afghan refugees had better status having Moderate Health and positive paternalistic culture. HCO 2 had Limited Health and was negative paternalistic. Builds Community was the strength and Develops People was the weakness of both the organisations. Almost all the selected demographic factors had no association with SL. 35 out of 40 correlations were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Statistical analysis showed that the gap in perception between leaders/managers and workforce about the practice of SL was not significant (p > 0.05) in both the organisations. The level of job satisfaction was satisfied and average for HCO 1 and 2, respectively. Association of job satisfaction to SL was strong (r = 0.5 – 1), positive and highly significant (p < 0.01). Ease-to-reform was high for both the organisations. Conclusions All the sections of employees perceived that both the organisations fell short of the servant-organisation level and the very satisfied degree of job satisfaction. Since the potential for reform was high, a reform program is required to be initiated to make these organisations servant-oriented. It has to focus on all the segments of the employees because the demographic factors do not affect perception about SL. An additional conclusion was drawn during literature review; it was observed that either we are unable to define leadership properly or classify it according to the spirit of that definition.