مولانا محب ﷲ لاری ندوی
افسوس ہے کہ مولانا محب اﷲ ندوی مہتمم دارالعلوم ندوۃ العلماء لکھنؤ، ۳۰؍ نومبر ۹۳ء کو رحلت فرماگئے، ان کی عمر ۸۸ برس تھی اور وہ نحیف و کمزور بھی ہوگئے تھے لیکن ندوۃ العلماء کے دور کمال کی ایک یادگار تھے اور ان کا وجود ندوۃ العلماء خصوصاً اس کے ناظم مولانا سید ابوالحسن علی ندوی مدظلہ کے لیے باعث تقویت تھا جن کے مرحوم ہم سبق تھے۔
ان کا وطن لارتھا، یہیں ابتدائی تعلیم حاصل کی۔ عربی تعلیم ندوۃ العلماء لکھنو اور انگریزی تعلیم علی گڑھ مسلم یونیورسٹی میں پائی اس کے بعد وہ چاہتے تو اچھی سی اچھی ملازمت مل جاتی مگر انھوں نے فراغت کے بعد کانپور میں اپنی انڈسٹری کرلی۔
کاروبار میں لگ جانے کے بعد بھی انھوں نے ندوۃ العلماء اور اس کے فضلا سے اپنا تعلق باقی رکھا اور اس کی مجلس انتظامیہ کے برابر رکن رہے۔ ۶۹ء میں بعض خاص حالات کی بناء پر انہیں دارالعلوم کے اہتمام کی ذمہ داری سپرد کی گئی جس کو کم و بیش ۲۵ برس تک وہ انجام دیتے رہے اور وفات کے بعد ہی اس سے سبکدوش ہوئے۔
دینداری، تقویٰ اور خشیتِ الٰہی ان کا شعار تھا، طبیعت میں اعتدال، سلامت روی سادگی اور انکسار تھا۔ اپنے اخلاص، مروت، شرافت اور حسن خلق کی بناء پر طلبہ، اساتذہ اور منتظمین کے حلقے میں مقبول رہے۔ اﷲ تعالیٰ اپنے اس نیک بندے کی مغفرت فرمائے، آمین۔
اب مولانا سید محمد رابع ندوی صاحب نے دارالعلوم ندوۃ العلماء کے اہتمام کی ذمہ داری سنبھال لی ہے، جن کا انتخاب ان کے طویل تجربہ اور دیرینہ خدمات کی بنا پر بہت مناسب ہوا ہے۔ (ضیاء الدین اصلاحی۔ جنوری ۱۹۹۴ء)
Urdu is the national language of Pakistan and plays a significant role in promoting political and national solidarity in the country. Languageserves as a unifying force that brings together people from different linguistic and cultural backgrounds and fosters a sense of shared identity and belonging. One of the main ways in which Urdu promotes political and national solidarity is through its use as a medium of communication across the country. Urdu is widely spoken and understood in Pakistan, and its use as an official language ensures that people from all regions of the country can communicate effectively with each other. This helps to promote a sense of unity and understanding between different groups, which is essential for building a strong and cohesivenation. In addition to its role as a medium of communication, Urdu also has a rich literary and cultural heritage that is deeply intertwined with the history and identity of Pakistan. Urdu poetry, literature, music, and art have played a significant role in shaping the country's cultural landscape and providing a shared cultural identity for its people. Furthermore, usingUrdu in political discourse and media plays a crucial role in promoting national unity and solidarity. Political leaders and media outlets use Urdu to communicate with the public. Thelanguage is often used to express nationalistic sentiments and promote a sense of pride in Pakistan's culture and heritage. Urdu plays a vital role in promoting Pakistan's political and national solidarity byserving as a unifying force that brings together people from different regions and cultural backgrounds. Its use as a medium of communication, its rich literary and cultural heritage, and its role in political discourse and media all contribute to fostering a sense of shared identity and belonging among Pakistanis.
The experiments were conducted at The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan in completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications for two years (winter 2013-2014 and winter 2014-2015). The objectives of the experiments were to screen wheat varieties for salinity tolerance and to evaluate the effect of seed priming in improving salinity tolerance of varieties. In first experiment, the effects of soil salinity and seed priming was evaluated in wheat varieties (Lalma-2013, Shahkar-2013, Pirsabak-2013, Insaf-2015, Barsat-2010, Atta-Habib-2010, Siran-2010, Bathoor-2008, Pirsabak-2008, Seher-2006, Pirsabak-2005, Saleem-2000, Uqab-2000 and Inqilab- 1991) in sand culture as root media. Highest tillers plant-1(4.31), leaves plant-1(15.91), root length (24.12 cm), root fresh weight plant-1 (2.36 g), shoot K+ content (1.35 mg g-1 dry weight), root K+content (0.72 mg g-1 dry weight), shoot chlorophyll a content (1.57 mg g-1 dry weight), shoot chlorophyll b content (1.01 mg g-1 dry weight), shoot proline content (125.16 μg g-1 fresh weight) and root proline content (64.08 μg g-1 fresh weight) were recorded from variety (Pirsabak-2005). Maximum germination (85.42%), shoot length (35.44 cm), shoot fresh weight plant-1(8.61 g), root K+ content (0.72 mg g-1 dry weight), shoot Ca++ content (0.78 mg g-1 dry weight) and roots Ca++ content (0.72 mg g-1 dry weight) was produced from variety (Lalma-2013). Maximum roots dry weight plant-1(0.47g) and shoot dry weight plant-1 (2.08g) was observed in variety Pirsabak-2005. Highest root to shoot ratio (0.24) and shoot chlorophyll b content (1.01 mg g-1 dry weight) was recorded from variety (Insaf-2015). The variety (Uqab-2000) showed maximum days to emergence (9.38), shoot Na+ content (1.31 mg g-1 dry weight), root Na+ content (2.58 mg g-1 dry weight), shoot Na+/K+ ratio (1.86) and root Na+/K+ ratio. Seed priming has significantly affected all parameters except days to emergence, shoot Na+ content, root Na+ content, shoot Na+/K+ ratio and root Na+/K+ ratio. The effect of seed priming was significant (P≤0.05) on wheat varieties (Pirsabak-2005 and Lalma-2013). In second experiment, the effect of salinity (0, 3, 6 and 9 dSm-1) and seed priming with 50 mM CaCl2 and no seed priming was observed in six wheat varieties (Pirsabak-2005 and Lalma-2013, Atta-Habib-2010 and Pirsabak- 2008, Saleem-2000 and Inqilab-1991), two each from tolerant, moderate and sensitive varieties with soil as root media. Maximum leaves plant-1(18.25), shoot length (56.86 cm), roots length (22.59 cm), shoot fresh weight plant-1 (8.54 g), roots fresh weight plant-1 (2.62 g), roots to shoot ratio (0.219), productive tillers plant-1 (3.27), spike length (8.16 cm), grains spike-1(43.19), and hundred grains weight (3.20 g) was recorded from variety (Pirsabak-2005). The variety (Pirsabak-2005) produced highest biological yield (12.46 g plant-1), grain yield (4.57 g plant-1) and harvest index (35.95%). Maximum shoot K+ content (1.23 mg g-1 dry weight), shoot Ca++ content (0.76 mg g-1 dry weight), root Ca++ content (0.58 mg g-1 dry weight), shoot chlorophyll a content (1.60 mg g-1 fresh weight), shoot chlorophyll b content (1.03 mg g-1 fresh weight) and shoot proline (118.20 μg g-1 fresh weight) was recorded from variety v (Pirsabak-2005). Wheat variety(Lalma-2013) showed maximum germination (85.21%), tillers plant-1 (4.16), shoot dry weight plant-1 (2.19 g), days to anthesis (113.00), days to maturity (143.75), and root K+ content (0.66 mg g-1 dry weight) Highest shoot Na+ content (1.26 mg g-1 dry weight) was recorded from variety Saleem- 2000. Wheat variety (Inqilab-1991) indicated maximum days to emergence (9.21), shoot Na+/K+ ratio (1.55), root Na+ content (2.55 mg g-1 dry weight) and root Na+/K+ ratio (7.31). The techniques of seed priming has positively affected all above mentioned parameters except days to emergence, shoot Na+ content, root Na+ content, shoot Na+/K+, root Na+/K+ ratio. Wheat varieties (Pirsabak-2005 and Lalma-2013) were positively affected with seed priming compared with other varieties. It is concluded that salinity stresses has adversely affected different physiological, biochemical and yield parameters of wheat varieties however, seed priming with CaCl2 has alleviated the adverse effects of salinity in wheat varieties