بادِ صبا کا وعدہ کر کے اپنے ہاتھ میں
اُس نے ہمیں تھما د ی ہے طوفاں سی زندگی
The proposal of interest-free banking is very old because Islam restricted the interest base transaction at very beginning after the revelation of prohibition of Interest, noble Quran called it as Riba. This prohibition is of sever nature relatively, Allah says; O you who have believed, fear Allah and give up what remains [due to you] of interest, if you should be believers. And if you do not, then be informed of a war [against you] from Allah and His Messenger. The suggestion for the establishment of such financial institutions that run according to shariah has been put in queue for about centuries. To get rid from the dominancy of conventional banking system, forced the religious scholar to take initiative in this regard and started interest free banking. It was not easy to switch entirely from conventional banking system to Islamic one as for different technical issues, leads the existent banks to start dual banking system. Bank of Khyber is the first Bank of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa operating as dual banking, i.e. Conventional as well as Interest free banking. This study focuses on analysis of dual banking system of bank of KHYBER in order to know the extent of conformity with shariah standards along with highlighting the earlier efforts of it towards Islamization.
Literature (Foster, 2004), agrees that there is a relative absence of research that documents the experience of male and female headteachers leadership in relation to school improvement. This qualitative life history study explores a male and female head teachers' experiences of leading school improvement in two secondary schools of Azeem Education System, Northern Areas of Pakistan. Semi-structured interviews, observations and document analysis were the main source of data generation. The study revealed that the context of leadership and school improvement are relative and are influenced by the contexts of a school and the communities in which the school is situated. The needs, demands and future trends as viewed in these contexts shape and guide headteachers' leadership practices and their school improvement efforts. So, an explanation of headteachers' experiences of leading school improvement also needs to be taken into account not only their personal skills but also to see, how well they were able to respond to the school context. Studies showed that gender may play an important role in teachers' ascend to headship. Male teachers have better chances to avail headship position due to their better academic qualification. While female may need to struggle longer to achieve better academic and professional credential in order to prove their ability of assuming headship position. In order to enhance headteachers' efforts in leading school improvement, some recommendations to the organization were made, that the organization needs to acknowledge headteachers' diverse leadership practices for school improvement. This also requires recognition of headteachers' unique life histories (personal and professional), which shape and guide their unique perceptions and practices of leading schools for improvement. In this connection, the study recommends that professional development programmes for headteachers may include life histories of the headteachers, in order to understand their perceptions and practices of leadership, particularly in the context of their efforts to school improvement.