Transplant and Donation of Organs in Islamic Perspective

Transplantation of organs and its donation is a burning issue of the present time. It has been carried out in different ways for different purposes. No doubt, the medical field has a vital role in serving the human beings by introducing new means of treatments including the transplant of organs. In Islamic point of view the transplantation and donation of human organs is lawful only when it follows the objectives of Shariah. The human dignity is to be maintained in every movement of life. If practicing the transplant leads to human destruction and violation of its prestige and honor or paves the path to kidnapping, bargaining and immorality, then it should be avoided. Donation of organs, under the supervision of strict regulatory authority, will be beneficial. In this article, Islamic perspective on this issue has been brought forth.

Morpho-Anatomical and Physiological Adaptations in Leptochloa Fusca from Different Ecological Zones

Salinity is a major problem that affects the plants worldwide. Leptochloa fusca is a halophytic plant species and also called as kalar grass. Morpho-anatomical and physiological adaptations in Lepochloa fusca was studied under salinity with plants being collected from different ecological zones. The plants were collected from Pakka Anna, Sahianwala, Treemu, Kalar Kahar and Rahimyar Khan and grown for 6 months in Faisalabad under normal conditions. The salinity treatment was given in 5 levels that were 0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 mM NaCl. Different morphophysiological and anatomical modifications under salt stress were observed during the investigation. Pakka Anna, the highly tolerant population, relied on better water use efficiency, low concentration of Na+ in plant organs, elevated K+ and Ca2+ uptake, and accumulation of osmolytes. Anatomically, it showed increased storage water capacity (root area, parenchyma tissue), efficient water conduction (vascular tissue) and high proportion of mechanical tissue. Decreased stomatal area and density can regulate transpiration rate more easily. The second best from Sahianwala depended on turgor maintenance via accumulation of proline and amino acids. Anatomical modifications involved increased dermal, vascular and parenchymatous tissues, which resulted in increased leaf thickness. Leptochloa fusca can easily tolerate 400 mM NaCl. This level adversely affected growth parameters in less tolerant Treemu and Rahimyar Khan populations. Different populations adopted to different mechanisms for the tolerance. This species can be used for future research endeavours like vegetation of saline wastelands and wetlands. Since it is a salt-accumulant, it will prove to be effective for phytoremediation.