چودھری خلیق الزماں
افسوس ہے کہ گزشتہ مہینہ چودھری خلیق الزماں مرحوم کا کراچی میں انتقال ہوگیا، مرحوم ان لوگوں میں تھے جن کی پوری زندگی سیاسی اور قومی کاموں میں گزری، سیاست کا چسکا ان کو طالب علمی ہی کے زمانہ سے تھا، چنانچہ جنگ بلقان کے زمانہ میں ہندوستان سے جو طبی وفد ڈاکٹر انصاری مرحوم کی قیادت میں ٹرکی گیا اس میں جو نوجوان شامل ہوئے تھے ان میں ایک چودھری صاحب بھی تھے، کئی مرتبہ لکھنو میونسپلٹی کے چیرمین ہوئے ان کی چیرمینی کا دور ایک یادگار دور تھا، اسی زمانہ میں خلافت اور ترک موالات کی تحریک شروع ہوئی، اس میں اس سرگرمی سے حصہ لیا کہ صوبے کے لیڈروں میں ان کا شمار ہونے لگا، ایک مدت تک کانگریس میں رہے، پنڈت موتی لال کے معتمد علیہ اور جواہر لال کے خاص رفقاء میں تھے، کانگریس میں بھی نمایاں مقام حاصل کیا، چنانچہ ۱۹۲۹ء میں جب کانگریس کے لیڈروں کی گرفتاری کا سلسلہ شروع ہوا تو آخر میں ان کو کانگریس کا ڈکٹیٹر مقرر کیا گیا تھا۔
پھر مسلم لیگ میں شامل ہوگئے اور پاکستان کی تحریک میں چند دنوں میں آل انڈیا لیڈر کی حیثیت حاصل کرلی چنانچہ پاکستان کے بانیوں میں ان کا شمار ہوتا ہے، قیام پاکستان کے بعد کراچی چلے گئے، یہاں بھی ان کو بڑے بڑے عہدے حاصل ہوئے مختلف اوقات میں مسلم لیگ کے صدر مشرقی پاکستان کے گورنر اور انڈونیشیا کے سفیر مقرر ہوئے مگر مسٹر جناح ان سے خوش نہ تھے اس لئے وہ پاکستان کی سیاست پر اثر انداز نہ ہوسکے اور آخر میں گوشہ نشینی کی زندگی اختیار کرلی تھی اور اسی پر ان کا خاتمہ ہوا، چودھری صاحب کی زندگی قلندرانہ تھی، وہ وکیل تھے، ان کے ماموں اور خسر مولوی محمد نسیم صاحب لکھنو کے چوٹی کے وکیل اور...
Qasim Amin was a lawyer as well as great Egyptian personality who promoted his progressive approach towards women’s liberation. He is known as the founder of the Women 's Liberation Movement in Egypt. As he practically initiated the Women Liberation Movement that is why he is regarded as founder-leader of the movement. For this purpose* he wrote and published his three most popular books which are: 's. Tahrir-ul-Mara’h (The Liberation of Women) Y. Al-Mara’ h — Al-Jadidah (The New Women) r. Al-Misriuoon - Difa-anil-Islam-wal-Muslimeen t. Al-Misriuoon (The Egyptians) Defense from Islam and Muslims) In this article I have tried to highlight his thoughts that are presented in his books.
Traditional uses of plants have been found since the time of antiquity. Their medicinal use has got attention of modern day researchers due to easy availability, less cost and negligible side effects.Sustained hyperglycemia causing diabetes and its complication is implicated by free radicals and AGEs leading to oxidative stress, damages different cell components. In the present study desert plants of Cholistan were selected including Boerhavia repens, Cleome brachycarpa vahl.ex.DC, Cymbopogon jawarancusa, Dipterygium glaucum, Prosopis cineraria and Fagonia indica as these were found to be unexplored. Preliminary phytochemical screening exhibited strong presence of saponins, steroids and alkaloids except C. brachycarpa vahl.ex.DC. P. cineraria and C. jawarancusa showed considerable presence of flavonoids which was further confirmed by quantitative analysis of plants for crude flavonoids contents. Saponins were found to be maximum for F. indica and alkaloids in C. jawarancusa. Extract yield (%) was found to be maximum for D. glaucum aqueous extract and P. cineraria methanolic extract. Highest amount of total phenolics were found in F. indica aqueous extract and P. cineraria methanolic extract. When antioxidant activities were determined by reducing power assay, maximum activity was shown by aqueous extract of P. cineraria and F. indica methanolic extract expressed as mmol of AAE/g dw of extract. Aqueous and methanolic extract were analyzed for inhibition of lipid peroxidation in linoleic acid system and maximum activity was shown by F. indica aqueous as well as methanolic extractat maximum concentration. EC50 was calculated and aqueous extract of C. jawarancusa was most effective while methanolic extract of F. indica was found to be more potent antioxidant. Significant inhibition of free radical scavenging by DPPH method was exhibited for all plant extract with maximum value for F. indica aqueous extract and minimum by B. repens .Whereas methanolic extract of P. cineraria exerted maximum inhibition and it was also found to be most effective when EC50 was calculated. All these methods were performed to have a comprehensive over view of plants antioxidant activities. Rate of glycation was found to be increasing with increasing temperature. Glycation level quantification by TBA method and all tested plants were reported for maximum glycation level at first week of incubation. P. cineraria methanolic extract was noted for maximum inhibition of glycation and D. glaucum for minimum response at 37°C. At 50°C P. cineraria and F. indica were reported for minimum glycation level at 2nd week of incubation. Appreciable inhibition was observed by P. cineraria, C. jawarancusa and C. brachycarpa vahl ex DC at third week of incubation and minimum glycation inhibition was exerted by F. indica. All plants were found to be considerable antioxidant and antiglycation agent but P. cineraria and F. indica conferred highest antioxidant and antiglycation activities. The potential for these activities may be explained in term of high total phenolic contents, flavonoid contents and rich saponins of F. indica attributing towards medicinal properties.