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Home > المحلی لابن حزم کے مباحث نکاح کا اختصاصی مطالعہ

المحلی لابن حزم کے مباحث نکاح کا اختصاصی مطالعہ

Thesis Info

Author

محمد رضوان

Supervisor

مطلوب احمد

Program

MA

Institute

Government College University Faisalabad

City

فیصل آباد

Degree Starting Year

2017

Degree End Year

2019

Language

Urdu

Keywords

طلاق

Added

2023-02-16 17:15:59

Modified

2023-02-16 17:33:40

ARI ID

1676733255741

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ناشرِ شانِ نبیؐ (نظم)

ناشرِ شانِ نبیؐ
جو ہمارے دل کو خوب اچھی طرح سے یاد ہیں ، ڈاکٹر شہزاد ہیں
جن کو حاصل نعت شہ میں قیمتی اسناد ہیں ، ڈاکٹر شہزاد ہیں

کام ان کا رات دن ترویجِ فکر نعت ہے ، خوب ان کی بات ہے
ناشرِ شانِ نبیؐ جو ماحیٔ الحاد ہیں ، ڈاکٹر شہزاد ہیں

قدر کرتا ہے زمانہ مانتے ہیںسب انھیں، سب کو ہی اچھے لگیں
فضل حق سے جو یکے از صاحبانِ داد ہیں ، ڈاکٹر شہزاد ہیں

جی نہیںلگتا فضائے غیر میںان کا کہیں، جس قدر ہو دل نشیں
نعت کی دنیا میں جو ہر آن خوش ہیں ، ڈاکٹر شہزاد ہیں

حمد و نعت و منقبت پر ان کی ہے گہری نظر ، ہر حوالہ معتبر
اک مفید انسان ہیں جو بہتریں اُستاد ہیں ، ڈاکٹر شہزاد ہیں

زینت علم و ادب ہیں حسنِ بزم از کیا، باوفا و بے ریا
حب آقاؐ میں جو فکر دہر سے آزاد ہیں ، ڈاکٹر شہزاد ہیں

معترف عارفؔ ہے ان کی ذات با کردار کا ، ہستی شہ کار کا
ہیں کراچی میں مگر طیبہ میں جو آباد ہیں ، ڈاکٹر شہزاد ہیں
محمد عارف قادری ۔واہ کینٹ

جج پر ضمان: فقہی قواعد اور پاکستانی قانون میں تطبیق

A judge should be honest,  transparent, free and fair. He should always respect law. The question arises that if a judge who disrespects law and makes unbalanced decisions: as a result of which people get affected then will he or she be penalized? The Ḥanafi Scholars opine that if a judge passes a wrong decision intentionally, he should be penalized from his own property. Because in Islamic jurisprudence, judiciary owns a supremacy over the masses and everyone irrespective of the position is equal and has to obey law. Whether he is a judge or a commoner, he has to follow the rules and regulations as prescribed by law. In practice, Pakistani judges are not held responsible for making a wrong verdict. Our judges make judgments on the basis of already manipulated evidence. A judge bars himself from the responsibility of collecting evidence. Similarly, if a judge has developed personal grudges with the criminal then the criminal reserves right of appealing the higher court where the decision is reviewed and rectified. In such situation, there is a compulsion between the legal maxim "وَالْأَصْلُ عَدَمُ الضَّمَان" and the Pakistani laws. However, Ḥanafi jurisprudence and Pakistani Laws are not in accordance with each other. This study concentrates upon the nature of punishment and tort to be applied on judges in case of making a decision based on falsehood. It is suggested that Pakistan’s Judiciary should be reread as that the already in-practice system does not comply with the standards of Islamic teachings.

Ochratoxicosis in Chicken: Pathological, Biochemical Alterations and Tissue Residues

Ochratoxin A (OTA) exerts nephrotoxic, hepatotoxic and carcinogenic effects in animals and humans. OTA is also responsible to induce oxidative stress and immunosuppression. The presence of OTA as a common contaminant of cereal based food and feed ingredients has been reported from different regions of the World including Pakistan. Keeping in view the toxic significance of OTA, the present study was planned to study the pathological effects of OTA in chicken, with a focus to develop a relationship of pathological alterations associated with age, exposure duration, dietary and tissue/organ ochratoxin levels. Experiments were conducted to induce acute ochratoxicosis in one day old (experiment 1) and 21 day old (experiment 2) broiler chicks by feeding rations containing 0, 1.6, 3.2, and 6.4 mg/kg OTA for 10 days. Chronic ochratoxicosis was induced in day old broiler chicks by feeding 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.8 mg/kg OTA for duration of 21 (experiment 3) and 35 days (experiment 4). Different parameters studied included feed intake, body weight, organ weights, clinical signs, gross and microscopic morphological alterations in different organs/tissues, immunological responses, oxidative stress parameters and OTA tissue residues. Present study concluded that the ochratoxicosis in broiler chicks resulted in the poor feed intake, weight gain and performance of birds, increased mortality and severity of clinical signs in dose dependent manners. OTA feeding in broilers resulted in the suppression of immunological responses and decreased blood and tissue antioxidant potentials. OTA related decrease in antioxidant potential and immunosuppression was directly proportional to the dose and duration of OTA exposure. OTA exposure in older birds resulted in more severe oxidative stress but lesser immunosuppression as compared to birds exposed at young age. Dose related increase and age related development of resistance to the pathological and biochemical alterations were also recorded. Decreased carnosine, anserine and creatine contents of muscles following OTA exposure suggested the production of low nutritional and keeping quality chicken meat. Exposure of OTA both acute and chronic dietary levels resulted in the accumulation of OTA residues in liver, kidney and muscles of the birds although these residues quickly disappear after withdrawal of toxin contaminated diets.