Influences of ‘Allāma Muḥammad Iqbāl on Thoughts of Dr. Isrār Aḥmad
Dr. Isrār Aḥmad(d:1431A. H/2010A. D) admits this fact that his personality is deeply influenced by Dr. ‘Allāma Muḥammad Iqbāl(d:1357A. H/1938A. D). In his book titled Da‘vat Rujū‘ ilā al-Qur’ān kā Manẓar-o-Pasmanẓar, he writes:
“The foremost and the deepest imprint on my mind is that of late ‘Allāma Iqbāl’s Urdu Poetry as I spent my high school life (1941-1947A. D) in reading and humming of bāng-e-darā, bāl-e-Jibra’īl, zarb-e-Kalīm and verses of armughān-e-Ḥijāz. This aroused in me a national passion so I, in that era, found the only like-minded group of the Muslim League, associated myself as per my little ability with the Muslim Students Federation- a body of the Muslim League movement. [1]
At another point in the same book, he further writes:
“No denying the fact that like howal awwalo wal ākhiro, my thoughts and vision have the initial and final impact of late ‘Allāma Iqbāl; the former mostly being ‘passionate’ with the outcome of ‘Passion for the Community’ whereas the latter is purely ‘Conceptual’; thus, my concept has the objectivity of “Studying the Qur’ān in the background of Modern Concepts” or “Analysis and Review of the Modern Thoughts in the Light of the Qur’ān”. [2]
The above lines explain that the vision of Dr. Isrār Aḥmad(d:1431A. H/2010A. D) had the initial impact on ‘Allāma Iqbāl’s personality. The thoughts propounded by Dr. Isrār Aḥmad all his life have the footprints leading to the poetry of Iqbāl.
Political System in Islām
Politically, ‘Allāma Iqbāl was strictly against a democratic government as he says:
tou nay kiā dekhā nahi maghrib kā Jamhōri...
Allama Badr_ul_Din Al-Aaini was a distinguished Islamic Scholar of 8 A.H. He was at the same time an interpreter, Muhadis, a Jurist, and a Historian. He was recognized to be a great Jurist, a Muhadis and a praise worthy man by his contemporary scholars and Jurists. His contributions towards the Muslim Ummah are very comprehensive and valuable. In the below mentioned Article contains a comprehensive view of Al-Aaini`s name and lineage, birth, his teachers, pupils, his works, contributions and his prominent position among the scholars of his age.
The effectiveness of a regulatory agency is outcome of the quality of its management, whereas a strong
infrastructure i.e., fulfillment of institutional requirements and autonomy of functions are the basic
requirements of an autonomous regulatory system, besides the environmental factors that can also influence
the effectiveness of a regulatory body. NEPRA, the National Electric Power Regulatory Authority was
established in 1997 to ensure transparent and judicious regulation in the power sector, after restructuring of
power sector. Earlier the government was the operator as well as the regulator for both power services
providing companies i.e., WAPDA and KESC. The power sector restructuring and other reforms in the energy
sector were the efforts to avert the risk of any future energy crisis, but they could not be proved to be fruitful.
This research work is based on evaluation of the efficiency of NEPRA as an effective electric power regulator in
Pakistan, considering the above stated four main factors. The scientific research method, consisting of
hypotheses testing and the formulation of regression model was used in the research work. It has been
concluded that NEPRA is working in a nice manner. There are three stakeholders of NEPRA, i.e., government,
electric power companies and the electricity consumers. Out of which government and most of the electric
power companies are satisfied with the performance of NEPRA, but the electricity consumers are less satisfied.
Availability of trained manpower and implementation of regulations have been pointed out as the areas of
special attention to improve the performance of NEPRA. Some steps are also suggested in this regard.
This study is an attempt to improve the effectiveness of NEPRA by exploring the influence of different factors
upon it. The research work has contributed towards increasing the ability of NEPRA to overcome the present
power crisis of Pakistan and to address the grievances of electricity consumers.