پاکستان کی جغرافیائی اہمیت
نحمدہ ونصلی علی رسولہ الکریم امّا بعد فاعوذ بااللہ من الشیطن الرجیم
بسم اللہ الرحمن الرحیم
معزز اسا تذہ کرام اور میرے ہم مکتب شاہینو!
آج مجھے جس موضوع پر اظہار خیال کرنا ہے وہ ہے:’’پاکستان کی جغرافیائی اہمیت‘‘
صدرِذی وقار!
پاکستان کا لفظ جہاں فی نفسہ اہمیت کا حامل ہے، وہاں اس کی جغرافیائی اہمیت بھی مسلم ہے۔ اس کے محل وقوع کی اپنی ایک اہمیت ہے، اس کے خدوخال کی اپنی ایک اہمیت ہے، اس کے فضائی علاقے کی اپنی ایک اہمیت ہے، اس کے بری اور بحری علاقے کی اپنی ایک اہمیت ہے۔
جنابِ صدر!
ہمارے ملک پاکستان میں پہاڑی علاقوں کی ایک اہمیت ہے، سیاح خواہ غیر ملکی ہوں یا ملکی پہاڑوں کے دلاویز مناظر ان کے لیے سراسیمگی کے ساتھ ساتھ مسرت و انبساط کا باعث بنتے ہیں، ان کی فلک بوس چوٹیاں آنکھوں کو نور بصارت فراہم کرتی ہیں، ان میں رہائش پذیر جفاکش انسان کاہل اور تساہل پسند انسان کے لیے مہمیز ثابت ہوتے ہیں۔
صدرِ ذی وقار!
دیگر ممالک کے لیے اس کی سرحد آسمان پر دھنک کا منظر پیش کرتی ہے، اس کی وادیوں کو سیراب کرتی ہوئی جوئے نغمہ خواں کا اپنا ایک حسن ہے، اس کی فضائوں میں محو پرواز طائران خوش الحان کی اپنی ایک اہمیت ہے، اس کی آب وہوا کا اعتدال حسن و جمال کا مرقع ہے، اس کی سونا اگلنے والی زمین کی اپنی ایک اہمیت ہے۔
جنابِ صدر!
چین ہو، ایران ہو، افغانستان ہو، یا ہندوستان جملہ ممالک اس کی ہمسائیگی پر خوش ہیں ، چین ، ایران اور افغانستان تو اس کے ساتھ بہتر تعلقات پر نازاں ہیں اور انڈیا اس اسلامی خطے سے محفوظ و مامون ہے۔ کیونکہ اس کے باسی اسلام کی دولت سے مالا مال ہیں جو ایک سلامتی...
Terrorism is contentious issue. It has affected the lives of people across the country. This paper analyses the factors for incidence of terrorism in Karachi city which has great economic importance for country. The city represents all communities belonging to various parts of the country. Migration of people from other provinces has significally changed demographic profile of the city. This study presents statistics about various offences committed in Hyderabad and Karachi. It describes important facts about the militant groups involved in the acts of terrorism in Karachi. It has been argued in the study that in some cases the acts of violence were politically motivated and in other cases terrorism acts were sponsored by religious groups. In order to understand the complex phenomenon of terrorism in Karachi, this study investigates the root causes of terrorism including economic deprivation. In most cases marginal sections of society have been found involved in the acts of terrorism. Thus, this study creates need for social reforms, poverty alleviation and provision of quality education. Further capacity-building of Law Enforcement Agencies to cope with this situation has been emphasized in this study. This paper also recommends some proposals for dealing with the issue of terrorism.
Total Quality Management (TQM) is a management philosophy and practices that aims to harness the human and material resources of an organization in the most effective way to achieve the objectives of the organization. This descriptive study investigated the preparedness of public sector universities in Pakistan for ISO 9001:2008 implementation and proposed a TQM framework. The study was carried out in the backdrop of National Educational Policy 1998-2010 recommendations for implementation of ISO 9000 and Higher Education Commission (HEC) push for enhancing the quality of education. The objectives of the study were to: (a) survey the presence of effective quality assurance processes in HEIs (b) explore the problems faced by HEIs to improve the quality of education (c) explore critical success factors for TQM implementation (d) explore correlation among different management practices in HEIs (e) find out the factors influencing Customer Focus and Satisfaction (f) propose a TQM implementation framework. It studied 25 HEIs through the perceptions of 25 VCs, 25 Registrars, 25 Deans, 500 Teachers and 1500 Students regarding the quality management practices. The study focused on the core activities i.e. teaching, learning and research; and the aspects which had a direct impact on the quality of the educational product. ISO 9001 requirements were used as a survey instrument for Gauging Absence of Prerequisite (GAP) analysis for the implementation of ISO 9001. Descriptive Statistics, Correlation, Regression and ANOVA were performed to analyze the data. The findings indicated that HEIs were strong in the area of measurement, analysis and improvement but weak in resource management and their standing regarding QMS, as a whole, was above average which showed that more need to be done and improved. Customer focus and satisfaction was a dependent variable and a proxy to measure TQM level of implementation. The study revealed management commitment, internal communication, work environment, infrastructure, teaching processes and assessment processes as significant predictors of customer focus and satisfaction. Moreover, all selected TQM factors were positively correlated to one another. The study proposed a TQM implementation framework. It also revealed insufficient financial and physical resources, lack of planning and lack of quality assurance at feeding colleges as top detriments to education quality in HEIs. The study adds to academic knowledge, provides a solid foundation for future research in the area of quality assurance and offers recommendations for quality assurance in HEIs.