یہ ہم نے غور کرنا ہے یہ ہم نے سوچنا بھی ہے
جو ہم نے آج بونا ہے اُسے کل کاٹنا بھی ہے
فقیری کے ضوابط میں میاں اک ضابطہ ہے یہ
کہ زندہ دل کو رکھنا خواہشوں کو مارنا بھی ہے
مجھے یہ خوف بھی لاحق کہیں رسوا نہ ہو جائوں
کہ میں نے اُس سے اُس کا ہاتھ آخر مانگنا بھی ہے
یہ چھت اپنی، در و دیوار اپنے ، گھر ہے یہ اپنا
کڑا جو وقت آئے جاں کو اس پر وارنا بھی ہے
یقیں مانو بڑی مشکل میں ہے پھر آج کل تائب ؔ
وہ ظالم اب یہ کہتا ہے کہ اُس کو بھولنا بھی ہے
In every age, the state has been a better form of the congregation and an integral part of societies. There has never been a state in human history that has introduced so many social reforms in a short period of time as Madina State did in a short period of time. That is why the state of Madina will remain a role model for all states established until the Day of Judgment. History testifies that as long as Islamic states followed this role model, their contemporary states continued to envy on their social, economic and military position. But unfortunately, the decline of the Muslim Ummah reached the peak by the fall of the Ottoman Empire, the representative state of the Muslims, in the early twentieth century. But before the half-century was over, the Islamic world began to gain independence from colonial powers. By the end of the twentieth century, more than fifty Muslim countries appeared on the geography of the modern world, but their flags were the spokesmen for colors, ethnicity, language, and region except for Pakistan. Political freedom from ideological and intellectual freedom could not be transformed by the Islamic nation’s imperialist powers Rather, the political leadership continued to work on the agenda of the West, causing many social and economic problems for the present Islamic States. The prevailing conditions of the present Islamic countries require that their rulers should re-establish their policies by making Madina state as their role model. The following article presents a golden outline of the welfare state, which will help to make the current Islamic state a welfare state.
Herein we reports the synthesis of new mono and diorganotin(IV) complexes of Schiff baes/hydrazones with [O, N, O] and dithiocarbamates with [S, S] donor ligands. The methodologies described herein includes; the synthesis of five versatile Schiff bases/hydrazones ligands; N'', N''-4-bis(2-hydroxybenzylidene)oxalohydrazide(H4L1), N'', N''-4-bis(2-hydroxylbenzylidene)malonohydrazide (H4L2), N′, N′-4-bis(2- hydroxybenzylidene)succinohydrazide (H4L3), N′, N′-4-bis(2-hydroxybenzylidene)glutarohydrazide (H4L4) and N′, N′-4-bis(2-hydroxybenzylidene)adipohydrazide (H4L5). Herein the thesis also embodied another series of five dithiocarbamates ligands of the types; dipotassium-2, 2-oxalylbis(hydrazine-1-carbodithioat) (K2L1), dipotassium-2, 2-malonylbis(hydrazine-1-carbodithioate) (K2L2), dipotassium2, 2''-succinylbis(hydrazine-1-carbodithioate) (K2L3), dipotassium-2, 2''-glutaroylbis(hydrazine-1-carbodithioate) (K2L4) and dipotassium-2, 2''-adipoylbis(hydrazine-1carbodithioate) (K2L5). For the synthesis of organotin(IV) complexes the reaction between Schiff bases/ hydrazone ligands with [O, N,O] donor sites, mono- and diorganotin(IV)chlorides/oxides were carried out at various reaction conditions and obtained fifty new organotin Schiff bases/hydrazone complexes. The reaction between dithiocarbamae ligands with [S, S] binding sites, mono- and diorganotin(IV)chlorides were unsuccessful and end up with desulfurized isothiocynates. The structural and coordination chemistry of ligands with O, N, O and S, S binding mode/sites and thier organotin(IV) complexes were investigated by using FT-IR and single crystallographic studies in the solid sate. The solution chemistry of these complexes was investigated through mass spectrometry and some multinuclear (1H, 13C and 119Sn) spectal studies. The results revealed that Schiff bases/hydrazones coordinate to tin through a tridentate mode using [O, N, O] binding mode. The structural analysi of single crystal by X-ray technique showed that organotincomplexes procured from hydrazone with tridentate lignads (O, N, O), mono- and diorganotin(IV) chlorides exhibited distorted octahedral (oh) and distorted trigonal bipyramidal (tbp) geometry respectively.Based on the computational studies; the trigonal bipyramidal complexes showed a Sn···O tetrel bonding/interaction in the solid state. A computational study, in combination with the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) shows that the Sn···O interactions involved here are purely electrostatic in nature with little covalent character and leads to a shorter Sn···O [3.480(2 Å)] inter-atomic bond distance as compare to the reported “sum of van der Waals radii (3.92 Å)”. However, these types of interaction cannot be seen in the compounds when the phenyl /butyl groups or when the methylene spacer (-CH2-) between the two-hydrazone fragments is increased replaces the methyl groups. Finally, all the complexes were screened for anticancer activities using carbopaltin as a standard drug. The diorgantotin hydrazone complexes;wheremethyl and phenyl groups are attached to tin(IV)showed reasonable activities due tosolubility problems but the dibutyltin(IV) complexes of the hydrazone [O, N, O] ligands showed excellent activities and have been used as representative sample (compounds) against various cancer cell lines (HL-60, MCF-7 and HeLa ) obtained from human being. It is assumed that the high cytotoxic activities of the dibutyl tin(IV) complexes are due to its lipophilic character and can be compared with the activity of the standard drug (carboplatin). These results might be helpful in the rational drug designing of those complexes containing the dibutyl moiety.