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The infection of Ovine babesia is considered as a tick-borne disease that is caused by a haematotropic parasite belonging to the genus babesia. Main infection in small ruminants (goat and sheep) is caused by three babesia species. The sickness caused by genus Babesia ovis (B .ovis) is very horrific mostly in goat and sheep and causes rigorous infection that is characterized by fever, anemia. The present study was carried on to become aware of B.ovis through PCR within the blood samples of small ruminants at Bahawalpur district. Total one Hundred blood samples of sheep and goat randomly were gathered from different areas of district Bahawalpur. Blood smear slides were prepared and analyzed through microscope. DNA was extracted by inorganic method. PCR amplification was done using specific set of primers for babesia species and results were studied through gel electrophoresis. Overall prevalence of babesia species was 18% by microscopy. Area wise percentages of microscopy tests were also calculated. 18% (18/100)Jamalpur 10% (1/10), Hasilpur 30%( 3/10), Khairpur 10% (1/10), Qaimpur 10% (1/10), Lal sohanra 20% (2/10), Lal sohanra park 30% (3/10), Yazman mandi 10%( 1/10), Rajkan 20% (2/10), Ahmad pur East 20%( 2/10), Uch Sharif 20% (2/10). PCR showed11% (11/100) positive result in sheep and goat (10% (1/10) in Jamalpur, 20% (2/10) in Khairpur 10% (1/10) in Qaimpur , 0% (0/10) in Lal sohanra , 10% (1/10) in Lalsohara park , 20% (2/10) in Yazman mandi 0%(0/10), Rajkan 10%(1/10), Ahmad pur 10%(1/10) and in Uch sharif 20%(2/10). The specificity and sensitivity of PCR was 100% in findings of B.ovis as compared to microscopy which showed 18% (18/100) sensitivity and 100% specificity was pragmatic. The study reveals that PCR is the additional sensitive technique in designation against babesiosis as compared to research and counseled it for field application in district Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. However, safety measures are required in order to domesticate the small ruminants like sheep and goat from such pathogenic parasites.
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