Asian Research Thesis Index

Abstract

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) continuously monitor different activities in given
circumstances. Monitoring criteria of WSNs is event driven, time based, inquire query and
continuous sensing. WSNs consist of many cheap Sensor Nodes (SNs) which have limited
battery power. Minimizing energy consumption is an important requirement in WSNs to increase
network life-span during continuous sensing. In WSNs, the energy is consumed in sensing,
processing and transmission. This research aimed to enhance network lifetime by minimizing
energy consumption at transmission and re-clustering phase. The proposed solution categorizes
SNs into Super Nodes (SUN), Advanced Nodes (ADN) and Normal Nodes (NON). Each cluster
is composed of a Cluster Head (CH) and Cluster Members (CMs). CH is always selected from the
SUN. Both, ADN and NON become CMs. WSN field is divided into levels and each level is
subdivided into clusters. In each level, at least one cluster performs sensing and communication
tasks which gives coverage to the whole sensitive area, therefore, the phenomena do not lose
communication. ADN and NON adjusted its time schedule for active, sleep and idle modes. CH
consisted of active, sleep and idle states and forwarded packets to Base Station (BS) following
best route among various available paths. Energy consumption was minimized during continuous
sensing by active, sleep and idle mechanism and by eliminated re-clustering in each network
round. The proposed solution, LEACH-ELT (LEACH with Enhanced Life Time), successfully
increased WSNs life-span by minimized transmission time energy consumption and
circumvented wide-range re-clustering in WSNs. The LEACH-ELT was simulated in MATLAB
and the results were compared with traditional LEACH protocol. The demonstration showed that
LEACH-ELTperformance is better than LEACH protocol.

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